Sebuah Pythagoras Tiga adalah solusi bilangan bulat positif persamaan:

Triple Trithagoras adalah solusi bilangan bulat positif untuk persamaan:

Di mana Δn menemukan nomor segitiga ke-n . Semua tripel Trithagoras juga solusi untuk persamaan:

Tugas

Diberikan bilangan bulat positif c, output semua pasangan bilangan bulat positif a,bsedemikian rupa sehingga jumlah bilangan segitiga th adan bth adalahc segitiga th. Anda dapat menampilkan pasangan dengan cara apa pun yang paling nyaman. Anda hanya harus mengeluarkan setiap pasangan satu kali.

Ini adalah kode-golf

Uji Kasus

2: []
3: [(2, 2)]
21: [(17, 12), (20, 6)]
23: [(18, 14), (20, 11), (21, 9)]
78: [(56, 54), (62, 47), (69, 36), (75, 21), (77, 12)]
153: [(111, 105), (122, 92), (132, 77), (141, 59), (143, 54), (147, 42), (152, 17)]
496: [(377, 322), (397, 297), (405, 286), (427, 252), (458, 190), (469, 161), (472, 152), (476, 139), (484, 108), (493, 54), (495, 31)]
1081: [(783, 745), (814, 711), (836, 685), (865, 648), (931, 549), (954, 508), (979, 458), (989, 436), (998, 415), (1025, 343), (1026, 340), (1053, 244), (1066, 179), (1078, 80), (1080, 46)]
1978: [(1404, 1393), (1462, 1332), (1540, 1241), (1582, 1187), (1651, 1089), (1738, 944), (1745, 931), (1792, 837), (1826, 760), (1862, 667), (1890, 583), (1899, 553), (1917, 487), (1936, 405), (1943, 370), (1957, 287), (1969, 188)]
2628: [(1880, 1836), (1991, 1715), (2033, 1665), (2046, 1649), (2058, 1634), (2102, 1577), (2145, 1518), (2204, 1431), (2300, 1271), (2319, 1236), (2349, 1178), (2352, 1172), (2397, 1077), (2418, 1029), (2426, 1010), (2523, 735), (2547, 647), (2552, 627), (2564, 576), (2585, 473), (2597, 402), (2622, 177), (2627, 72)]
9271: [(6631, 6479), (6713, 6394), (6939, 6148), (7003, 6075), (7137, 5917), (7380, 5611), (7417, 5562), (7612, 5292), (7667, 5212), (7912, 4832), (7987, 4707), (8018, 4654), (8180, 4363), (8207, 4312), (8374, 3978), (8383, 3959), (8424, 3871), (8558, 3565), (8613, 3430), (8656, 3320), (8770, 3006), (8801, 2914), (8900, 2596), (8917, 2537), (9016, 2159), (9062, 1957), (9082, 1862), (9153, 1474), (9162, 1417), (9207, 1087), (9214, 1026), (9229, 881), (9260, 451), (9261, 430), (9265, 333)]

Mathematica, 53 49 48 byte

Solve[{x.(x+1)==#^2+#,a>=b>0},x={a,b},Integers]&

Contoh:

In[1]:= Solve[{x.(x+1)==#^2+#,a>=b>0},x={a,b},Integers]&[21]

Out[1]= {{a -> 17, b -> 12}, {a -> 20, b -> 6}}

MATL , 17 13 byte

:Ys&+G:s=R&fh

Setiap pasangan adalah output dengan angka yang lebih kecil terlebih dahulu.

Cobalah online!

Penjelasan

Pertimbangkan input 3.

:      % Implicitly input n. Push [1 2 ... n]
       % STACK: [1 2 3]
Ys     % Comulative sum
       % STACK: [1 3 6]
&+     % All pairwise sums
       % STACK: [2 4 7; 4 6 9; 7 9 12]
G:s    % Push 1+2+...+n
       % STACK: [2 4 7; 4 6 9; 7 9 12], 6
=      % Is equal?
       % STACK: [0 0 0; 0 1 0; 0 0 0]
R      % Upper triangular part of matrix. This removes duplicate pairs
       % STACK: [0 0 0; 0 1 0; 0 0 0]
&f     % Push row and column indices (1-based) of non-zero entries
       % STACK: 2, 2
h      % Concatenate horizontally. Implicitly display
       % STACK: [2, 2]

Jelly , 12 byte

j‘c2ḅ-
ŒċçÐḟ

Cobalah online!

Bagaimana itu bekerja

ŒċçÐḟ   Main link. Argument: c

Œċ      Yield all 2-combinations w/repetition of elements of [1, ..., c].
  çÐḟ   Filterfalse; keep only 2-combinations for which the helper link returns 0.


j‘c2ḅ-  Helper link. Left argument: [a, b]. Right argument: c

j       Join [a, b] with separator c, yielding [a, c, b].
 ‘      Increment; yield [a+1, c+1, b+1].
  c2    Combination count; compute [C(a+1,c), C(c+1,c), C(b+1,c)], yielding
        [½a(a+1), ½c(c+1), ½b(b+1)].
    ḅ-  Convert from base -1 to integer, yielding
        ½(-1)²a(a+1) + ½(-1)¹c(c+1) + ½(-1)⁰b(b+1) = ½(a(a+1) - c(c+1) + b(b+1)),
        which is 0 if and only if a(a+1) + b(b+1) = c(c+1).

Python 2, 69 byte

Cobalah online

lambda c:[(a,b)for a in range(c)for b in range(a+1)if~a*a==c*~c-~b*b]

-9 byte, terima kasih kepada @WheatWizard

Jelly , 16 14 byte

RS
ŒċÇ€S$⁼¥ÐfÇ

Cobalah online!

Ini terlalu lama pasti ...

Penjelasan:

ŒċÇ€S$⁼¥ÐfÇ (main) Arguments: z
Œċ             Return [[1, 1], [1, 2], ..., [1, z], [2, 2], ..., [z, z]]
          Ç    Return T(z)
  Ç€S$⁼¥Ðf     Only keep the pairs such as ΣT(a, b)=T(z)

RS (helper 1) Arguments: z
R  [1, 2, ..., z]
 S Take the sum

AWK , 72 byte

{for(n=$1;++i<=n;)for(j=i;j<=n;++j)if(i^2+j^2+i+j==n^2+n)$0=$0" "i":"j}1

Cobalah online!

Output adalah c a1:b1 a2:b2 .... TIO Link memiliki 4 byte tambahani=0; untuk memungkinkan input multiline.

Ini sama sekali tidak efisien, tetapi berhasil. :)

PHP, 94 Bytes

for($a=$c=$argn;$a--;)for($b=$a;$b;$b--)$a**2+$a+$b**2+$b!=$c**2+$c?:$e[]=[$a,$b];print_r($e);

Cobalah online!

Haskell, 50 byte

f c=[(a,b)|a<-[1..c],b<-[1..a],a^2+a+b^2+b==c^2+c]

Contoh penggunaan: f 21-> [(17,12),(20,6)]. Cobalah online!

Menggunakan persamaan ke-2.

J , 35 byte

1+[:~.,~/:~@#:[:I.@,@({:=+/~)2!2+i.

Cobalah online!

Axiom, 281 204 196 191 byte

q(b,m)==(r:=1+4*m;v:=4.*b*(b+1);r<v=>0;(sqrt(r-v)-1)/2);g(c:NNI):Any==(r:List List INT:=[];i:=0;repeat(i:=i+1;i>=c=>break;w:=q(i,c^2+c);w>=i and fractionPart(w)=0=>(r:=cons([w::INT,i],r)));r)

tes dan ungolf

-- if m=c^2+c than a^2+a+b^2+b-m=0 has the solutions [a,b] with a>0,b>0
-- if it is used a=(-1+sqrt(1+4*m-4*(b)*(b-1)))/2 because the other return a<0
-- o(b,m) return that solution if 1+4*m-4*(b)*(b-1)>0 [so exist in R sqrt] else return 0
o(b,m)==(r:=1+4*m;v:=4.*b*(b+1);r<v=>0;(sqrt(r-v)-1)/2)

--it Gets one not negative integer c; return one list of list(ordered) of 2 integers
--[a,b] with  a^2+a+b^2+b=c^2+c
gg(c:NNI):List List INT==
   r:List List INT:=[]  -- initialize the type make program more fast at last it seems 10x
   i:=0
   repeat
      i:=i+1
      i>=c=>break
      w:=o(i,c^2+c)
      w>=i and fractionPart(w)=0=>(r:=cons([w::INT,i],r))
   r

(6) -> [[i,g(i)]  for i in [2,3,21,23,78,153,496,1081,1978,2628,9271]]
   (6)
   [[2,[]], [3,[[2,2]]], [21,[[17,12],[20,6]]], [23,[[18,14],[20,11],[21,9]]],
    [78,[[56,54],[62,47],[69,36],[75,21],[77,12]]],
    [153,[[111,105],[122,92],[132,77],[141,59],[143,54],[147,42],[152,17]]],

     [496,
       [[377,322], [397,297], [405,286], [427,252], [458,190], [469,161],
        [472,152], [476,139], [484,108], [493,54], [495,31]]
       ]
     ,

     [1081,
       [[783,745], [814,711], [836,685], [865,648], [931,549], [954,508],
        [979,458], [989,436], [998,415], [1025,343], [1026,340], [1053,244],
        [1066,179], [1078,80], [1080,46]]
       ]
     ,

     [1978,
       [[1404,1393], [1462,1332], [1540,1241], [1582,1187], [1651,1089],
        [1738,944], [1745,931], [1792,837], [1826,760], [1862,667], [1890,583],
        [1899,553], [1917,487], [1936,405], [1943,370], [1957,287], [1969,188]]
       ]
     ,

     [2628,
       [[1880,1836], [1991,1715], [2033,1665], [2046,1649], [2058,1634],
        [2102,1577], [2145,1518], [2204,1431], [2300,1271], [2319,1236],
        [2349,1178], [2352,1172], [2397,1077], [2418,1029], [2426,1010],
        [2523,735], [2547,647], [2552,627], [2564,576], [2585,473], [2597,402],
        [2622,177], [2627,72]]
       ]
     ,

     [9271,
       [[6631,6479], [6713,6394], [6939,6148], [7003,6075], [7137,5917],
        [7380,5611], [7417,5562], [7612,5292], [7667,5212], [7912,4832],
        [7987,4707], [8018,4654], [8180,4363], [8207,4312], [8374,3978],
        [8383,3959], [8424,3871], [8558,3565], [8613,3430], [8656,3320],
        [8770,3006], [8801,2914], [8900,2596], [8917,2537], [9016,2159],
        [9062,1957], [9082,1862], [9153,1474], [9162,1417], [9207,1087],
        [9214,1026], [9229,881], [9260,451], [9261,430], [9265,333]]
       ]
     ]
                                                      Type: List List Any

CJam , 30 28 byte

{_,2m*:$_&f+{{_)*}%~+=},1f>}

Blok anonim mengharapkan argumennya di stack dan membiarkan hasilnya di stack.

Cobalah online!

Penjelasan

Saya akan merujuk input sebagai n

_,     e# Copy n, and get the range from 0 to n-1.
2m*    e# Get the 2nd Cartesian power of this range.
:$_&   e# Sort the pairs and deduplicate, to get all unique pairs.
f+     e# Prepend n to each pair.
{      e# Filter these triplets; keep only those that give a truthy result:
 {     e#  Map this block over the triplet:
  _)*  e#   Multiply x by x+1. (i.e. x^2 + x)
 }%    e#  (end map)
 ~+=   e#  Check if the sum of the second and third is equal to the first.
},     e# (end filter)
1f>    e# Remove the first element from all remaining triplets.

Pyth - 23 21 byte

L*bhbfqyQ+yhTyeT.CUQ2

Cobalah

L*bhbfqyQ+yhTyeT.CUQ2
L*bhb                     Define y(b)=b*(b+1)
                .CUQ2     All pairs of numbers less than the input
     fqyQ+yhTyeT          Filter based on whether y(input) == y(1st elem. of pair) + y(2nd elem. of pair)

JavaScript (ES6), 83 byte

c=>[...Array(c*c)].map((_,x)=>[x%c,x/c|0]).filter(([a,b])=>a>=b&a++*a+b++*b==c*c+c)

Uji kasus

Mengabaikan di sini input terbesar yang membutuhkan terlalu banyak waktu untuk cuplikan.

let f =

c=>[...Array(c*c)].map((_,x)=>[x%c,x/c|0]).filter(([a,b])=>a>=b&a++*a+b++*b==c*c+c)

console.log(JSON.stringify(f(2)))
console.log(JSON.stringify(f(3)))
console.log(JSON.stringify(f(21)))
console.log(JSON.stringify(f(23)))
console.log(JSON.stringify(f(78)))
console.log(JSON.stringify(f(153)))
console.log(JSON.stringify(f(496)))