Roma yang tamak itu!


30

Dengan bilangan bulat yang benar-benar positif, kembalikan angka Romawi sesingkat mungkin hanya dengan menggunakan aturan tambahan. Output harus terdiri dari nol atau lebih dari masing-masing karakter MDCLXVIdalam urutan itu. 14Karenanya, angka itu harus memberi XIIIIdaripada XIV.

Nilai numerik karakter adalah M= 1000, D= 500, C= 100, L= 50, X= 10, V= 5, I= 1.

Contohnya

3III

4 → IIII

9VIIII

42XXXXII

796DCCLXXXXVI

2017MMXVII

16807MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMDCCCVII


1
Anda seorang penanya baik hati untuk memungkinkan 4 -> IIIIadalah 9 -> VIIIIjuga bukan IX?
Magic Gurita Guci


@MagicOctopusUrn VIIIIadalah satu-satunya output yang diizinkan untuk 9.
Adám

@ Adám baru saja menunjukkan bahwa Anda mungkin ingin menambahkan itu sebagai contoh juga karena aturan untuk 4 dan 9 adalah sama.
Magic Octopus Urn

Jawaban:


12

Plain English , 1059 1025 678 641 451 399 byte

Disimpan 34 byte dengan menghapus perangkap kesalahan. Kemudian disimpan 384 byte dengan bermain golf. Kemudian disimpan 190 byte dengan menggabungkan operasi divisi dengan operasi append ("z") ke dalam operasi baru ("p"). Kemudian disimpan 52 byte dengan bermain golf.

A s is a string.
To p a r remainder a s a x string a n number:
If the x is "", exit.
Divide the r by the n giving a q quotient and the r.
Fill a t s with the x's first's target given the q.
Append the t to the s.
To convert a r number to a s:
p the r the s "M" 1000.
p the r the s "D" 500.
p the r the s "C" 100.
p the r the s "L" 50.
p the r the s "X" 10.
p the r the s "V" 5.
p the r the s "I" 1.

Ini adalah versi terakhir dari kode final, ditambah jebakan kesalahan untuk angka negatif:

A roman numeral is a string.

To process a remainder given a roman numeral and a letter string is a number:
  If the letter is "", exit.
  Divide the remainder by the number giving a quotient and the remainder.
  Fill a temp string with the letter's first's target given the quotient.
  Append the temp string to the roman numeral.

To convert a number to a roman numeral:
  If the number is negative, exit.
  Put the number in a remainder.
  Process the remainder given the roman numeral and "M" is 1000.
  Process the remainder given the roman numeral and "D" is  500.
  Process the remainder given the roman numeral and "C" is  100.
  Process the remainder given the roman numeral and "L" is   50.
  Process the remainder given the roman numeral and "X" is   10.
  Process the remainder given the roman numeral and "V" is    5.
  Process the remainder given the roman numeral and "I" is    1.

10
Tunggu, apakah ini bahasa pemrograman?
Adám

3
@Adam - Ya. Bahasa Inggris yang sederhana mengkompilasi, dan menjalankan, dan segalanya. Kode sumber dan IDE tersedia di github.com/Folds/english
Jasper

1
Lakukan golf itu - setelah semua, ini adalah kode golf, bukan karya bahasa.
Sanchises

2
Jadi ini adalah bahasa yang Anda gunakan jika Anda tidak ingin pekerjaan Anda outsourcing saya ambil?
corsiKa

@corsiKa - LOL! Hanya jika cukup banyak dari kita mulai menggunakannya (dan menambah perpustakaannya) yang mencapai massa kritis.
Jasper

5

APL (Dyalog), 25 22 bytes

'MDCLXVI'/⍨(0,62 5)∘⊤

Try it online!


Nice, and basically the solution I had in mind. However, you can use replicate (/) instead of reshape () so you can cut out the each and the catenate-reduction (¨ and ,/).
Adám

Also, you can convert to tradfn body and take input () and use commute () to remove the parens and compose ().
Adám

Thanks, but what do you mean by your second comment? I can't think of a way to do that without increasing byte count
TwiNight


1
That would be a snippet unless you count the {} or ∇f∇ surrounding the function
TwiNight

5

Retina, 57 42 bytes

Converts to unary, then greedily replaces bunches of Is with the higher denominations in order.

.*
$*I
I{5}
V
VV
X
X{5}
L
LL
C
C{5}
D
DD
M

Try it online

Saved 15 bytes thanks to Martin


That's very clever.
Adám

7
It's a lot shorter to go the other way: tio.run/##K0otycxL/…
Martin Ender

Couldn't you take input in unary using I as unit?
Adám

2
@Adám Considering that Retina can now easily handle integer input, I think it's kind of cheap to do that.
mbomb007

5

Python 2, 64 bytes

f=lambda n,d=5,r='IVXLCD':r and f(n/d,7-d,r[1:])+n%d*r[0]or'M'*n

Try it online!

Rather than creating the output string from the start by greedily taking the largest part, this creates it from the end. For instance, the number of I's is n%5, then the number of V's is n/5%2, and so on. This is mixed base conversion with successive ratios of 5 and 2 alternating.

Here's an iterative equivalent:

Python 2, 68 bytes

n=input();s='';d=5
for c in'IVXLCD':s=n%d*c+s;n/=d;d^=7
print'M'*n+s

Try it online!

The M's need to be handled separately because any number of them could be present as there's no larger digit. So, after the other place values have been assigned, the value remaining is converted to M's.

For comparison, a greedy strategy (69 bytes):

Python 2, 69 bytes

f=lambda n,d=1000,r='MDCLXVI':r and n/d*r[0]+f(n%d,d/(d%3*3-1),r[1:])

Try it online!

The current digit value d is divided by either 2 or 5 to produce the next digit. The value of d%3 tell us which one: if d%3==1, divide by 2; and if d%3==2, divide by 5.


4

Mathematica, 81 bytes

Table@@@Thread@{r=Characters@"MDCLXVI",#~NumberDecompose~FromRomanNumeral@r}<>""&

Explicitly using the values and deriving the corresponding numerals seems to be one byte longer:

Table@@@Thread@{RomanNumeral[n={1000,500,100,50,10,5,1}],#~NumberDecompose~n}<>""&

1
Nice!: FromRomanNumeral@r
DavidC

4

Excel, 236 193 161 bytes

43 bytes saved thanks to @BradC

At this point, the answer really belongs totally to @BradC. Another 32 bytes saved.

=REPT("M",A1/1E3)&REPT("D",MOD(A1,1E3)/500)&REPT("C",MOD(A1,500)/100)&REPT("L",MOD(A1,100)/50)&REPT("X",MOD(A1,50)/10)&REPT("V",MOD(A1,10)/5)&REPT("I",MOD(A1,5))

Formatted:

=REPT("M",A1/1E3)
    &REPT("D",MOD(A1,1E3)/500)
    &REPT("C",MOD(A1,500)/100)
    &REPT("L",MOD(A1,100)/50)
    &REPT("X",MOD(A1,50)/10)
    &REPT("V",MOD(A1,10)/5)
    &REPT("I",MOD(A1,5))

You'll save some by replacing CONCATENATE with & between each element, and QUOTIENT with INT(A/B).
BradC

2 more savings: turns out REPT already truncates the number if it isn't an integer, so you can save 30 more bytes by removing each INT(). Save 2 more by replacing both 1000 with 1E3 (although Excel doesn't seem to want to keep it that way once you hit enter).
BradC

Yeah, saw the 1E3 behaviour. Answer updated.
Wernisch

3

Perl 5, 66 bytes

65 bytes of code + -p flag.

$s=1e3;for$@(MDCLXVI=~/./g){$\.=$@x($_/$s);$_%=$s;$s/=--$|?2:5}}{

Try it online!

Without changing the byte count, MDCLXVI=~/./g can be replaced by M,D,C,L,X,V,I; and --$|?2:5 by $|--*3+2.

Much longer (99 bytes), there is:

$_=M x($_/1e3).D x($_%1e3/500).C x($_%500/100).L x($_%100/50).X x($_%50/10).V x($_%10/5).I x($_%5)

3

CJam, 35 28 bytes

-7 bytes thanks to Martin Ender

q~{5md\2md\}3*]W%"MDCLXVI".*

Try it online!

Explanation

q~         e# Read and eval input (push the input as an integer).
{          e# Open a block:
 5md\      e#  Divmod the top value by 5, and bring the quotient to the top.
 2md\      e#  Divmod that by 2, and bring the quotient to the top.
}3*        e# Run this block 3 times.
]W%        e# Wrap the stack in an array and reverse it. Now we've performed the mixed-base
           e# conversion.
"MDCLXVI"  e# Push this string.
.*         e# Element-wise repetition of each character by the numbers in the other array.
           e# Implicitly join and print.

3

C#, 127 bytes

f=n=>n>999?"M"+f(n-1000):n>499?"D"+f(n-500):n>99?"C"+f(n-100):n>49?"L"+f(n-50):n>9?"X"+f(n-10):n>4?"V"+f(n-5):n>0?"I"+f(n-1):""

A purely hard coded ternary statement using recursion.

Full/Formatted version:

using System;

class P
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Func<int, string> f = null;
        f = n => n > 999 ? "M" + f(n - 1000)
                         : n > 499 ? "D" + f(n - 500)
                                   : n > 99 ? "C" + f(n - 100)
                                            : n > 49 ? "L" + f(n - 50)
                                                     : n > 9 ? "X" + f(n - 10)
                                                             : n > 4 ? "V" + f(n - 5)
                                                                     : n > 0 ? "I" + f(n - 1)
                                                                             : "";

        Console.WriteLine(f(3));
        Console.WriteLine(f(4));
        Console.WriteLine(f(42));
        Console.WriteLine(f(796));
        Console.WriteLine(f(2017));
        Console.WriteLine(f(16807));

        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

n>0 is just n.
CalculatorFeline

@CalculatorFeline Not in C#, an int can't be implicitly cast to a bool.
TheLethalCoder

That's unfortunate.
CalculatorFeline

@CalculatorFeline Yeah, C# is too strongly typed for it's own good sometimes.
TheLethalCoder

3

05AB1E, 29 26 25 bytes

¸5n3×Rvćy‰ì}"MDCLXVI"Ss×J

Try it online!

Explanation

¸                           # wrap input in a list
 5n                         # push 5**2
   3×                       # repeat it 3 times
     Rv                     # for each digit y in its reverse
       ć                    # extract the head of the list 
                            # (div result of the previous iteration, initially input)
        y‰                  # divmod with y
          ì                 # prepend to the list
           }                # end loop
            "MDCLXVI"S      # push a list of roman numerals
                      s×    # repeat each a number of times corresponding to the result
                            # of the modulus operations
                        J   # join to string

3

JavaScript (ES6), 81 75 69 Bytes

Saved 6 bytes thanks to @Neil for porting @Jörg Hülsermann's answer

Saved 6 bytes thanks to @Shaggy

n=>'MDCLXVI'.replace(/./g,(c,i)=>c.repeat(n/a,n%=a,a/=i%2?5:‌​2),a=1e3)

Test cases:


1
You should be able to move the n%=x within the repeat method to save a few bytes.
Shaggy

1
FYI a port of the PHP answer is only 69 bytes: n=>'MDCLXVI'.replace(/./g,(c,i)=>c.repeat(n/a,n%=a,a/=i%2?5:2),a=1e3)
Neil

Thanks @Neil, I've updated the post. Removes the hard coded array which I was wanting to revisit
Craig Ayre

2

///, 50 bytes

/1/I//IIIII/V//VV/X//XXXXX/L//LL/C//CCCCC/D//DD/M/

Try it online!

Takes input in unary, and I'm (ab)using the footer field on TIO for input so output is preceded by a newline.


2

Python 3, 100 97 96 94 93 91 90 bytes

  • saved 4+2 bytes: use of def; array as default parameter reduced an indentation space; unwanted variable declaration removed
  • @shooqie saved 1 byte a%= shorthand
  • saved 2 bytes: rearranged and braces in (a//i) got removed
  • @Wondercricket saved 1 byte: move the array from default parameter to within the function which removed [] at the cost of one indentation space, thus saving 1 byte.
def f(a):
 b=1000,500,100,50,10,5,1
 for i in b:print(end=a//i*'MDCLXVI'[b.index(i)]);a%=i

Try it online!


1
a%=i is a byte shorter :)
shooqie

1
You can also save a byte by storing b as a variable within the function. That removes the necessity of brackets - b=1000,500,100,50,10,5,1
Wondercricket

2

Cubix, 69 74 80 bytes

/.UI,..N&..0\0&/52"IVXLCDM"U,r%ws;rr3tu;pw..u;qrUosv!s.u\psq,!@Us(0;U

Try it online!

        / . U I
        , . . N
        & . . 0
        \ 0 & /
5 2 " I V X L C D M " U , r % w
s ; r r 3 t u ; p w . . u ; q r
U o s v ! s . u \ p s q , ! @ U
s ( 0 ; U . . . . . . . . . . .
        . . . .
        . . . .
        . . . .
        . . . .

Watch It Running

I have managed to compress it a bit more, but there is still some pesky no-ops, especially on the top face.

  • 52"IVXLCDM"U put the necessary divisors and characters on the stack. The 5 and 2 will be used to reduce the div/mod value and the characters will be discarded after use.
  • UIN0/&0\&,/U u-turns onto the top face and starts a long tour to get the input and push 1000 onto the stack. An initial divide is done and a u-turn onto the r of the next snippet. This was an area I was looking at to make some savings.
  • ,r%ws;rr beginning of the divmod loop. integer divide, rotate the result away mod, then rearrange top of stack to be reduced input, current divisor and divide result.
  • 3tus bring the current character to the top and swap it with the divide result.
  • !vsoUs(0;U this is the print loop. while the div result is more than 0, swap with character output, swap back, decrement, push a 0 and drop it. On 0 redirect over the pop stack (remove divide result) and around the cube.
  • \u;pwpsq,!@Urq;u with a bit of redirection, this removes the character from the stack, brings the 5 and 2 to the top, swaps them and pushes one back down. The remaining is used to reduce the divisor. Halt if it reduces to 0, otherwise push the 5 or 2 to the bottom and re-enter the loop.

1

Mathematica, 130 bytes

(f=#~NumberDecompose~{1000,500,100,50,10,5,1};""<>{Flatten@Table[Table[{"M","D","C","L","X","V","I"}[[i]],f[[i]]],{i,Length@f}]})&

1

Python 2, 109 90 bytes

lambda n,r=[1000,500,100,50,10,5,1]:''.join(n%a/b*c for a,b,c in zip([n+1]+r,r,'MDCLXVI'))

Try it online!


1000 can be 1e3 (if you don't mind it being a float which shouldn't be a problem)
CalculatorFeline

@CalculatorFeline it would turn the result into a float, and you can't multiply a string by a float :c
Rod


1

T-SQL, 164 bytes

SELECT REPLICATE('M',n/1000)+IIF(n%1000>499,'D','')
      +REPLICATE('C',n%500/100)+IIF(n%100>49,'L','')
      +REPLICATE('X',n%50/10)+IIF(n%10>4,'V','')
      +REPLICATE('I',n%5)
FROM t

Line breaks added for readability only.

This version is a lot longer (230 characters), but feels much more "SQL-like":

DECLARE @ INT,@r varchar(99)=''SELECT @=n FROM t
SELECT'I's,1v INTO m
INSERT m VALUES('V',5),('X',10),('L',50),('C',100),('D',500),('M',1000)
L:
    SELECT @-=v,@r+=s 
    FROM m WHERE v=(SELECT MAX(v)FROM m WHERE v<=@)
IF @>0GOTO L
SELECT @r

Makes a table m with all the char-value mappings, and then loops through finding the largest value <= the number, concatenating the matching character.


1

Japt, 34 bytes

"IVXLCD"£%(U/=Y=v *3+2Y)îXÃw i'MpU

Test it online!

"IVXLCD"£    %(U/=Y=v  *3+2Y )îXÃ w i'MpU
"IVXLCD"mXY{U%(U/=Y=Yv *3+2,Y)îX} w i'MpU : Ungolfed
                                          : Implicit: U = input number
"IVXLCD"mXY{                    }         : Map each char X and its index Y in this string to:
                  Y=Yv *3+2               :   Set Y to 5 for even indexes, 2 for odd.
               U/=                        :   Divide U by this amount.
            U%(            ,Y)            :   Modulate the old value of U by 5.
                              îX          :   Repeat the character that many times.
                                          : This returns e.g. "IIVCCCD" for 16807.
                                  w       : Reverse the entire string.
                                    i'MpU : Prepend U copies of 'M' (remember U is now the input / 1000).
                                          : Implicit: output result of last expression

1

JavaScript (ES6), 65 bytes

A recursive function.

f=(n,a=(i=0,1e3))=>n?a>n?f(n,a/=i++&1?5:2):'MDCLXVI'[i]+f(n-a):''

How?

The second recursive call f(n-a) really should be f(n-a,a). By omitting the 2nd parameter, a and i are reinitialized (to 1000 and 0 respectively) each time a new Roman digit is appended to the final result. This causes more recursion than needed but doesn't alter the outcome of the function and saves 2 bytes.

Test cases


1

J, 26 23 bytes

3 bytes saved thanks to Adám.

'MDCLXVI'#~(_,6$2 5)&#:

Try it online!

Similar to the APL answer basically the same thing.

'MDCLXVI'#~(_,6$2 5)&#:
           (       )&#:   mixed base conversion from decimal
              6$2 5       2 5 2 5 2 5
            _,            infinity 2 5 2 5 2 5
                          this gives us e.g. `0 0 0 0 1 0 4` for input `14`
'MDCLXVI'#~               shape each according to the number of times on the right
                          this is greedy roman numeral base conversion

Not that I know J, but why #.inv instead of #:?
Adám

@Adám Ah, good point. I customarily use #.inv instead of #:, since something like 2 #: 4 is 0, whilst 2 #.inv 4 is 1 0 0
Conor O'Brien

Yeah, I do the same thing in APL. Now your solution is truly equivalent to the APL solution.
Adám

# is /; ~ is ; $ is ; & is ; #: is . The only difference is that you use infinity _ while you could use 0 like the APL answer.
Adám

@Adám Huh, cool.
Conor O'Brien

1

Batch, 164 bytes

@set/pn=
@set s=
@for %%a in (1000.M 500.D 100.C 50.L 10.X 5.V 1.I)do @call:c %%~na %%~xa
@echo %s:.=%
@exit/b
:c
@if %n% geq %1 set s=%s%%2&set/an-=%1&goto c

Takes input on STDIN.


1

Oracle SQL, 456 bytes

select listagg((select listagg(l)within group(order by 1)from dual start with trunc((n-nvl(n-mod(n,p),0))/v)>0 connect by level<=trunc((n-nvl(n-mod(n,p),0))/v)))within group(order by v desc)from (select 2849n from dual)cross join(select 1000v,null p,'m'l from dual union select 500,1000,'d'from dual union select 100,500,'c'from dual union select 50,100,'l'from dual union select 10,50,'x'from dual union select 5,10,'v'from dual union select 1,5,'i'from dual)

Outputs:

mmdcccxxxxviiii

Please note the actual size of the line is 460bytes, because it includes the input number (2849).

Ungolfed:

select listagg(
            (select listagg(l, '') within group(order by 1) 
             from dual 
             start with trunc((n-nvl(p*trunc(n/p),0))/v) > 0 
             connect by level <= trunc((n-nvl(p*trunc(n/p),0))/v) )
        ) within group(order by v desc)
from (select 2348 n
    from dual
) cross join (
    select 1000v, null p, 'm' l from dual union 
    select 500, 1000, 'd' from dual union
    select 100, 500, 'c' from dual union
    select 50, 100, 'l' from dual union
    select 10, 50, 'x' from dual union
    select 5, 10, 'v' from dual union
    select 1, 5, 'i' from dual     
)

How it works: I calculate how many of each letter I need, by calculating the most I can get to with the higher value one (infinity for M), and then doing an integer division between the current letter's value and the result of that.

E.g. 2348, how many Cs do I need? trunc((2348-mod(2348,500))/100) = 3.

Then, I listagg that letter together 3 times (exploiting CONNECT BY to generate the 3 rows I need). Finally, I listagg everything together.

Kinda bulky, but most of it is the select from duals in the conversion table and I can't really do much about that...


0

Java (OpenJDK 8), 119 118 bytes

n->{String s="";for(int v[]={1,5,10,50,100,500,1000},i=7;i-->0;)for(;n>=v[i];n-=v[i])s+="IVXLCDM".charAt(i);return s;}

Try it online!

Saved a byte thanks to @TheLethalCoder


1
Can you declare v and i in the first for loop to save a byte?
TheLethalCoder

@TheLethalCoder Yes, most certainly. I was on a totally other idea at first that this didn't pass my internal review :p
Olivier Grégoire

0

Charcoal, 61 50 46 bytes

NνA⁰χWφ«W¬‹νφ«§MDCLXVIχA⁻νφν»A⁺¹χχA÷φ⎇﹪χ²¦²¦⁵φ

Try it online!

Explanation:

Nν                   Take input as number and assign it to ν
A⁰χ                  Let χ=0
Wφ«                  While φ>0 (φ has a predefined value of 1000)
    W¬‹νφ«               While v>=φ 
        §MDCLXVIχ             Take the char from string "MDCLXVI" at position χ
        A⁻νφν»               Let ν=ν-φ
    A⁺¹χχ                Increment χ
    A÷φ⎇﹪χ²¦²¦⁵φ        If χ is odd, divide φ by 5, else divide φ by 2
  • 4 bytes saved thanks to Neil, while I am still trying to figure out how to proceed with the second part of his comment.

1
Nν is one byte shorter than ANν, ¬‹ is one byte shorter than subtracting 1, and if you use ÷ (IntDivide) instead of (Divide) then you can use φ as the outer loop condition. However, I think you can get it down to 40 bytes by looping over MDCLXVI directly instead.
Neil

@Neil of course, silly me, trying to understand why there is no "greater or equal" operator when I could use "not less". Very clever trick the use of the integer division. Now allow me some time to think about the last part of your comment...
Charlie

I improved my string loop idea and posted it as a seprate answer along with a port of @xnor's Python answer, which turned out to be the same length.
Neil

0

C++, 272 Bytes

#include <cstdio>
#include <map>
std::map<int,char> m = {{1000,'M'},{500,'D'},{100,'C'},{50,'L'},{10,'X'},{5,'V'},{1,'I'}};
int main(){unsigned long x;scanf("%d",&x);for(auto i=m.rbegin();i!=m.rend();++i)while(x>=i->first){printf("%c", i->second);x=x-i->first;}return 0;}

0

C, 183 Bytes

#include <stdio.h>
int v[]={1000,500,100,50,10,5,1};
char*c="MDCLXVI";
int main(){int x;scanf("%d",&x);for(int i=0;i<sizeof v/sizeof(int);i++)for(;x>=v[i];x-=v[i])putc(c[i],stdout);}

Same algorithm as before, just using plain c arrays instead of an std::map, partially inspired by @xnor's answer and using a string to store the letters.



0

Common Lisp, 113 bytes

This is an anonymous function, returning the result as a string.

(lambda(value)(setf(values a b)(floor v 1000))(concatenate 'string(format()"~v,,,v<~>"a #\M)(format nil"~@:r"b)))

Ungolfed, with descriptive variable names and comments:

(defun format-roman (value)
  ;; Get "value integer-divided by 1000" and "value mod 1000"
  (setf (values n_thousands remainder) (floor value 1000))
  (concatenate 'string
               ;; Pad the empty string n_thousands times, using "M" as the 
               ;; padding character
               (format () "~v,,,v<~>" n_thousands #\M)
               ;; Format the remainder using "old-style" Roman numerals, i.e. 
               ;; numerals with "IIII" instead of "IV"
               (format nil "~@:r" remainder)))

CL has built-in Roman numeral formatter. Sadly it doesn't work for numbers larger than 3999.


0

Charcoal, 34 bytes

NςA²ξFMDCLXVI«×ι÷ςφA﹪ςφςA÷φξφA÷χξξ

Originally based on @CarlosAlego's answer. A port of @xnor's Python solution is also 34 bytes:

NθA⁵ξFIVXLCD«←×ι﹪θξA÷θξθA÷χξξ»←×Mθ

Edit: A port of @xnor's other Python solution turns out to be 33 bytes!

NθFMDCLXVI«×ι÷θφA﹪θφθA÷φ⁺׳﹪φ³±¹φ

Try it online! Link is to verbose version of code. Note that I've used ⁺׳﹪φ³±¹ instead of ⁻׳﹪φ³¦¹ because the deverbosifier is currently failing to insert the separator.


1
Huh, that looks more Greek than Roman.
Adám
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