Berimprovisasi pada @ mkorpela jawaban yang bagus , berikut adalah versi dengan
pemeriksaan yang lebih tepat, penamaan, dan mengangkat objek Kesalahan
def overrides(interface_class):
"""
Function override annotation.
Corollary to @abc.abstractmethod where the override is not of an
abstractmethod.
Modified from answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/8313042/471376
"""
def confirm_override(method):
if method.__name__ not in dir(interface_class):
raise NotImplementedError('function "%s" is an @override but that'
' function is not implemented in base'
' class %s'
% (method.__name__,
interface_class)
)
def func():
pass
attr = getattr(interface_class, method.__name__)
if type(attr) is not type(func):
raise NotImplementedError('function "%s" is an @override'
' but that is implemented as type %s'
' in base class %s, expected implemented'
' type %s'
% (method.__name__,
type(attr),
interface_class,
type(func))
)
return method
return confirm_override
Berikut ini tampilannya dalam praktiknya:
NotImplementedError
" tidak diterapkan di kelas dasar "
class A(object):
# ERROR: `a` is not a implemented!
pass
class B(A):
@overrides(A)
def a(self):
pass
menghasilkan NotImplementedError
kesalahan yang lebih deskriptif
function "a" is an @override but that function is not implemented in base class <class '__main__.A'>
tumpukan penuh
Traceback (most recent call last):
…
File "C:/Users/user1/project.py", line 135, in <module>
class B(A):
File "C:/Users/user1/project.py", line 136, in B
@overrides(A)
File "C:/Users/user1/project.py", line 110, in confirm_override
interface_class)
NotImplementedError: function "a" is an @override but that function is not implemented in base class <class '__main__.A'>
NotImplementedError
" tipe yang diimplementasikan yang diharapkan "
class A(object):
# ERROR: `a` is not a function!
a = ''
class B(A):
@overrides(A)
def a(self):
pass
menghasilkan NotImplementedError
kesalahan yang lebih deskriptif
function "a" is an @override but that is implemented as type <class 'str'> in base class <class '__main__.A'>, expected implemented type <class 'function'>
tumpukan penuh
Traceback (most recent call last):
…
File "C:/Users/user1/project.py", line 135, in <module>
class B(A):
File "C:/Users/user1/project.py", line 136, in B
@overrides(A)
File "C:/Users/user1/project.py", line 125, in confirm_override
type(func))
NotImplementedError: function "a" is an @override but that is implemented as type <class 'str'> in base class <class '__main__.A'>, expected implemented type <class 'function'>
Hebatnya tentang jawaban @ mkorpela adalah cek terjadi selama beberapa tahap inisialisasi. Cek tidak perlu "dijalankan". Mengacu pada contoh sebelumnya, class B
tidak pernah diinisialisasi ( B()
) namun NotImplementedError
masih akan meningkat. Ini berarti overrides
kesalahan ditangkap lebih cepat.