Saya akan menunjukkan kepada Anda bagaimana Anda dapat dengan mudah mendefinisikan iterator untuk wadah khusus Anda, tetapi untuk berjaga-jaga jika saya telah membuat pustaka c ++ 11 yang memungkinkan Anda untuk membuat iterator khusus dengan perilaku khusus untuk semua jenis wadah, berdekatan atau tidak berdampingan.
Anda dapat menemukannya di Github
Berikut adalah langkah-langkah sederhana untuk membuat dan menggunakan iterator khusus:
- Buat kelas "custom iterator" Anda.
- Tentukan typedef di kelas "wadah khusus" Anda.
- misalnya
typedef blRawIterator< Type > iterator;
- misalnya
typedef blRawIterator< const Type > const_iterator;
- Tentukan fungsi "mulai" dan "akhiri"
- misalnya
iterator begin(){return iterator(&m_data[0]);};
- misalnya
const_iterator cbegin()const{return const_iterator(&m_data[0]);};
- Dilakukan!!!
Akhirnya, ke mendefinisikan kelas iterator khusus kami:
CATATAN: Saat mendefinisikan iterator khusus, kami berasal dari kategori iterator standar untuk memberi tahu algoritme STL tentang jenis iterator yang kami buat.
Dalam contoh ini, saya mendefinisikan iterator akses acak dan iterator akses acak terbalik:
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Raw iterator with random access
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
template<typename blDataType>
class blRawIterator
{
public:
using iterator_category = std::random_access_iterator_tag;
using value_type = blDataType;
using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
using pointer = blDataType*;
using reference = blDataType&;
public:
blRawIterator(blDataType* ptr = nullptr){m_ptr = ptr;}
blRawIterator(const blRawIterator<blDataType>& rawIterator) = default;
~blRawIterator(){}
blRawIterator<blDataType>& operator=(const blRawIterator<blDataType>& rawIterator) = default;
blRawIterator<blDataType>& operator=(blDataType* ptr){m_ptr = ptr;return (*this);}
operator bool()const
{
if(m_ptr)
return true;
else
return false;
}
bool operator==(const blRawIterator<blDataType>& rawIterator)const{return (m_ptr == rawIterator.getConstPtr());}
bool operator!=(const blRawIterator<blDataType>& rawIterator)const{return (m_ptr != rawIterator.getConstPtr());}
blRawIterator<blDataType>& operator+=(const difference_type& movement){m_ptr += movement;return (*this);}
blRawIterator<blDataType>& operator-=(const difference_type& movement){m_ptr -= movement;return (*this);}
blRawIterator<blDataType>& operator++(){++m_ptr;return (*this);}
blRawIterator<blDataType>& operator--(){--m_ptr;return (*this);}
blRawIterator<blDataType> operator++(int){auto temp(*this);++m_ptr;return temp;}
blRawIterator<blDataType> operator--(int){auto temp(*this);--m_ptr;return temp;}
blRawIterator<blDataType> operator+(const difference_type& movement){auto oldPtr = m_ptr;m_ptr+=movement;auto temp(*this);m_ptr = oldPtr;return temp;}
blRawIterator<blDataType> operator-(const difference_type& movement){auto oldPtr = m_ptr;m_ptr-=movement;auto temp(*this);m_ptr = oldPtr;return temp;}
difference_type operator-(const blRawIterator<blDataType>& rawIterator){return std::distance(rawIterator.getPtr(),this->getPtr());}
blDataType& operator*(){return *m_ptr;}
const blDataType& operator*()const{return *m_ptr;}
blDataType* operator->(){return m_ptr;}
blDataType* getPtr()const{return m_ptr;}
const blDataType* getConstPtr()const{return m_ptr;}
protected:
blDataType* m_ptr;
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Raw reverse iterator with random access
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
template<typename blDataType>
class blRawReverseIterator : public blRawIterator<blDataType>
{
public:
blRawReverseIterator(blDataType* ptr = nullptr):blRawIterator<blDataType>(ptr){}
blRawReverseIterator(const blRawIterator<blDataType>& rawIterator){this->m_ptr = rawIterator.getPtr();}
blRawReverseIterator(const blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& rawReverseIterator) = default;
~blRawReverseIterator(){}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& operator=(const blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& rawReverseIterator) = default;
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& operator=(const blRawIterator<blDataType>& rawIterator){this->m_ptr = rawIterator.getPtr();return (*this);}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& operator=(blDataType* ptr){this->setPtr(ptr);return (*this);}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& operator+=(const difference_type& movement){this->m_ptr -= movement;return (*this);}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& operator-=(const difference_type& movement){this->m_ptr += movement;return (*this);}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& operator++(){--this->m_ptr;return (*this);}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& operator--(){++this->m_ptr;return (*this);}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType> operator++(int){auto temp(*this);--this->m_ptr;return temp;}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType> operator--(int){auto temp(*this);++this->m_ptr;return temp;}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType> operator+(const int& movement){auto oldPtr = this->m_ptr;this->m_ptr-=movement;auto temp(*this);this->m_ptr = oldPtr;return temp;}
blRawReverseIterator<blDataType> operator-(const int& movement){auto oldPtr = this->m_ptr;this->m_ptr+=movement;auto temp(*this);this->m_ptr = oldPtr;return temp;}
difference_type operator-(const blRawReverseIterator<blDataType>& rawReverseIterator){return std::distance(this->getPtr(),rawReverseIterator.getPtr());}
blRawIterator<blDataType> base(){blRawIterator<blDataType> forwardIterator(this->m_ptr); ++forwardIterator; return forwardIterator;}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sekarang di suatu tempat di kelas wadah khusus Anda:
template<typename blDataType>
class blCustomContainer
{
public: // The typedefs
typedef blRawIterator<blDataType> iterator;
typedef blRawIterator<const blDataType> const_iterator;
typedef blRawReverseIterator<blDataType> reverse_iterator;
typedef blRawReverseIterator<const blDataType> const_reverse_iterator;
.
.
.
public: // The begin/end functions
iterator begin(){return iterator(&m_data[0]);}
iterator end(){return iterator(&m_data[m_size]);}
const_iterator cbegin(){return const_iterator(&m_data[0]);}
const_iterator cend(){return const_iterator(&m_data[m_size]);}
reverse_iterator rbegin(){return reverse_iterator(&m_data[m_size - 1]);}
reverse_iterator rend(){return reverse_iterator(&m_data[-1]);}
const_reverse_iterator crbegin(){return const_reverse_iterator(&m_data[m_size - 1]);}
const_reverse_iterator crend(){return const_reverse_iterator(&m_data[-1]);}
.
.
.
// This is the pointer to the
// beginning of the data
// This allows the container
// to either "view" data owned
// by other containers or to
// own its own data
// You would implement a "create"
// method for owning the data
// and a "wrap" method for viewing
// data owned by other containers
blDataType* m_data;
};