Saya ingin membuat pintasan yang menunjuk ke beberapa file EXE, di desktop, menggunakan .NET Framework 3.5 dan mengandalkan API Windows resmi. Bagaimana saya bisa melakukan itu?
Saya ingin membuat pintasan yang menunjuk ke beberapa file EXE, di desktop, menggunakan .NET Framework 3.5 dan mengandalkan API Windows resmi. Bagaimana saya bisa melakukan itu?
Jawaban:
Dengan opsi tambahan seperti hotkey, deskripsi, dll.
Pada awalnya, Proyek > Tambahkan Referensi > COM > Model Objek Host Skrip Windows.
using IWshRuntimeLibrary;
private void CreateShortcut()
{
object shDesktop = (object)"Desktop";
WshShell shell = new WshShell();
string shortcutAddress = (string)shell.SpecialFolders.Item(ref shDesktop) + @"\Notepad.lnk";
IWshShortcut shortcut = (IWshShortcut)shell.CreateShortcut(shortcutAddress);
shortcut.Description = "New shortcut for a Notepad";
shortcut.Hotkey = "Ctrl+Shift+N";
shortcut.TargetPath = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System) + @"\notepad.exe";
shortcut.Save();
}
Pintasan URL
private void urlShortcutToDesktop(string linkName, string linkUrl)
{
string deskDir = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory);
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(deskDir + "\\" + linkName + ".url"))
{
writer.WriteLine("[InternetShortcut]");
writer.WriteLine("URL=" + linkUrl);
}
}
Pintasan aplikasi
private void appShortcutToDesktop(string linkName)
{
string deskDir = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory);
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(deskDir + "\\" + linkName + ".url"))
{
string app = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;
writer.WriteLine("[InternetShortcut]");
writer.WriteLine("URL=file:///" + app);
writer.WriteLine("IconIndex=0");
string icon = app.Replace('\\', '/');
writer.WriteLine("IconFile=" + icon);
}
}
Periksa juga contoh ini .
Jika Anda ingin menggunakan beberapa fungsi khusus API, maka Anda akan ingin menggunakan IShellLink interfacesertaIPersistFile interface (melalui interop COM).
Berikut adalah potongan kode yang tidak memiliki ketergantungan pada objek COM eksternal (WSH), dan mendukung program 32-bit dan 64-bit:
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;
using System.Text;
namespace TestShortcut
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
IShellLink link = (IShellLink)new ShellLink();
// setup shortcut information
link.SetDescription("My Description");
link.SetPath(@"c:\MyPath\MyProgram.exe");
// save it
IPersistFile file = (IPersistFile)link;
string desktopPath = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory);
file.Save(Path.Combine(desktopPath, "MyLink.lnk"), false);
}
}
[ComImport]
[Guid("00021401-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
internal class ShellLink
{
}
[ComImport]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
[Guid("000214F9-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
internal interface IShellLink
{
void GetPath([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszFile, int cchMaxPath, out IntPtr pfd, int fFlags);
void GetIDList(out IntPtr ppidl);
void SetIDList(IntPtr pidl);
void GetDescription([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszName, int cchMaxName);
void SetDescription([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszName);
void GetWorkingDirectory([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszDir, int cchMaxPath);
void SetWorkingDirectory([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszDir);
void GetArguments([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszArgs, int cchMaxPath);
void SetArguments([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszArgs);
void GetHotkey(out short pwHotkey);
void SetHotkey(short wHotkey);
void GetShowCmd(out int piShowCmd);
void SetShowCmd(int iShowCmd);
void GetIconLocation([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszIconPath, int cchIconPath, out int piIcon);
void SetIconLocation([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszIconPath, int iIcon);
void SetRelativePath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszPathRel, int dwReserved);
void Resolve(IntPtr hwnd, int fFlags);
void SetPath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszFile);
}
}
SetIconLocationpada 64-bit Windows 10 dengan 32-bit yang dapat dieksekusi. Solusi dijelaskan di sini: stackoverflow.com/a/39282861 dan saya juga menduga, bahwa itu adalah masalah yang sama dengan Windows 8 yang dirujuk oleh semua lainnya. Ini mungkin terkait dengan file exe 32-bit pada Windows 64-bit.
Anda dapat menggunakan ShellLink.cs ini kelas untuk membuat pintasan.
Untuk mendapatkan direktori desktop, gunakan:
var dir = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory);
atau gunakan Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonDesktopDirectoryuntuk membuatnya untuk semua pengguna.
Tanpa referensi tambahan:
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
public class Shortcut
{
private static Type m_type = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("WScript.Shell");
private static object m_shell = Activator.CreateInstance(m_type);
[ComImport, TypeLibType((short)0x1040), Guid("F935DC23-1CF0-11D0-ADB9-00C04FD58A0B")]
private interface IWshShortcut
{
[DispId(0)]
string FullName { [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0)] get; }
[DispId(0x3e8)]
string Arguments { [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3e8)] get; [param: In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3e8)] set; }
[DispId(0x3e9)]
string Description { [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3e9)] get; [param: In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3e9)] set; }
[DispId(0x3ea)]
string Hotkey { [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3ea)] get; [param: In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3ea)] set; }
[DispId(0x3eb)]
string IconLocation { [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3eb)] get; [param: In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3eb)] set; }
[DispId(0x3ec)]
string RelativePath { [param: In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3ec)] set; }
[DispId(0x3ed)]
string TargetPath { [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3ed)] get; [param: In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3ed)] set; }
[DispId(0x3ee)]
int WindowStyle { [DispId(0x3ee)] get; [param: In] [DispId(0x3ee)] set; }
[DispId(0x3ef)]
string WorkingDirectory { [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3ef)] get; [param: In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] [DispId(0x3ef)] set; }
[TypeLibFunc((short)0x40), DispId(0x7d0)]
void Load([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] string PathLink);
[DispId(0x7d1)]
void Save();
}
public static void Create(string fileName, string targetPath, string arguments, string workingDirectory, string description, string hotkey, string iconPath)
{
IWshShortcut shortcut = (IWshShortcut)m_type.InvokeMember("CreateShortcut", System.Reflection.BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, m_shell, new object[] { fileName });
shortcut.Description = description;
shortcut.Hotkey = hotkey;
shortcut.TargetPath = targetPath;
shortcut.WorkingDirectory = workingDirectory;
shortcut.Arguments = arguments;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(iconPath))
shortcut.IconLocation = iconPath;
shortcut.Save();
}
}
Untuk membuat Pintasan di Desktop:
string lnkFileName = System.IO.Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop), "Notepad.lnk");
Shortcut.Create(lnkFileName,
System.IO.Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System), "notepad.exe"),
null, null, "Open Notepad", "Ctrl+Shift+N", null);
Saya Gunakan hanya untuk aplikasi saya:
using IWshRuntimeLibrary; // > Ref > COM > Windows Script Host Object
...
private static void CreateShortcut()
{
string link = Environment.GetFolderPath( Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop )
+ Path.DirectorySeparatorChar + Application.ProductName + ".lnk";
var shell = new WshShell();
var shortcut = shell.CreateShortcut( link ) as IWshShortcut;
shortcut.TargetPath = Application.ExecutablePath;
shortcut.WorkingDirectory = Application.StartupPath;
//shortcut...
shortcut.Save();
}
Gunakan ShellLink.cs di vbAccelerator untuk membuat pintasan Anda dengan mudah!
private static void AddShortCut()
{
using (ShellLink shortcut = new ShellLink())
{
shortcut.Target = Application.ExecutablePath;
shortcut.WorkingDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(Application.ExecutablePath);
shortcut.Description = "My Shorcut";
shortcut.DisplayMode = ShellLink.LinkDisplayMode.edmNormal;
shortcut.Save(SHORTCUT_FILEPATH);
}
}
Ini kode saya:
public static class ShortcutHelper
{
#region Constants
/// <summary>
/// Default shortcut extension
/// </summary>
public const string DEFAULT_SHORTCUT_EXTENSION = ".lnk";
private const string WSCRIPT_SHELL_NAME = "WScript.Shell";
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// Create shortcut in current path.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="linkFileName">shortcut name(include .lnk extension.)</param>
/// <param name="targetPath">target path</param>
/// <param name="workingDirectory">working path</param>
/// <param name="arguments">arguments</param>
/// <param name="hotkey">hot key(ex: Ctrl+Shift+Alt+A)</param>
/// <param name="shortcutWindowStyle">window style</param>
/// <param name="description">shortcut description</param>
/// <param name="iconNumber">icon index(start of 0)</param>
/// <returns>shortcut file path.</returns>
/// <exception cref="System.IO.FileNotFoundException"></exception>
public static string CreateShortcut(
string linkFileName,
string targetPath,
string workingDirectory = "",
string arguments = "",
string hotkey = "",
ShortcutWindowStyles shortcutWindowStyle = ShortcutWindowStyles.WshNormalFocus,
string description = "",
int iconNumber = 0)
{
if (linkFileName.Contains(DEFAULT_SHORTCUT_EXTENSION) == false)
{
linkFileName = string.Format("{0}{1}", linkFileName, DEFAULT_SHORTCUT_EXTENSION);
}
if (File.Exists(targetPath) == false)
{
throw new FileNotFoundException(targetPath);
}
if (workingDirectory == string.Empty)
{
workingDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(targetPath);
}
string iconLocation = string.Format("{0},{1}", targetPath, iconNumber);
if (Environment.Version.Major >= 4)
{
Type shellType = Type.GetTypeFromProgID(WSCRIPT_SHELL_NAME);
dynamic shell = Activator.CreateInstance(shellType);
dynamic shortcut = shell.CreateShortcut(linkFileName);
shortcut.TargetPath = targetPath;
shortcut.WorkingDirectory = workingDirectory;
shortcut.Arguments = arguments;
shortcut.Hotkey = hotkey;
shortcut.WindowStyle = shortcutWindowStyle;
shortcut.Description = description;
shortcut.IconLocation = iconLocation;
shortcut.Save();
}
else
{
Type shellType = Type.GetTypeFromProgID(WSCRIPT_SHELL_NAME);
object shell = Activator.CreateInstance(shellType);
object shortcut = shellType.InvokeMethod("CreateShortcut", shell, linkFileName);
Type shortcutType = shortcut.GetType();
shortcutType.InvokeSetMember("TargetPath", shortcut, targetPath);
shortcutType.InvokeSetMember("WorkingDirectory", shortcut, workingDirectory);
shortcutType.InvokeSetMember("Arguments", shortcut, arguments);
shortcutType.InvokeSetMember("Hotkey", shortcut, hotkey);
shortcutType.InvokeSetMember("WindowStyle", shortcut, shortcutWindowStyle);
shortcutType.InvokeSetMember("Description", shortcut, description);
shortcutType.InvokeSetMember("IconLocation", shortcut, iconLocation);
shortcutType.InvokeMethod("Save", shortcut);
}
return Path.Combine(System.Windows.Forms.Application.StartupPath, linkFileName);
}
private static object InvokeSetMember(this Type type, string methodName, object targetInstance, params object[] arguments)
{
return type.InvokeMember(
methodName,
BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.SetProperty,
null,
targetInstance,
arguments);
}
private static object InvokeMethod(this Type type, string methodName, object targetInstance, params object[] arguments)
{
return type.InvokeMember(
methodName,
BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,
null,
targetInstance,
arguments);
}
/// <summary>
/// windows styles
/// </summary>
public enum ShortcutWindowStyles
{
/// <summary>
/// Hide
/// </summary>
WshHide = 0,
/// <summary>
/// NormalFocus
/// </summary>
WshNormalFocus = 1,
/// <summary>
/// MinimizedFocus
/// </summary>
WshMinimizedFocus = 2,
/// <summary>
/// MaximizedFocus
/// </summary>
WshMaximizedFocus = 3,
/// <summary>
/// NormalNoFocus
/// </summary>
WshNormalNoFocus = 4,
/// <summary>
/// MinimizedNoFocus
/// </summary>
WshMinimizedNoFocus = 6,
}
}
EDIT: Saya tidak merekomendasikan solusi ini lagi. Jika masih tidak ada metode yang lebih baik daripada menggunakan mesin skrip Windows, setidaknya gunakan solusi @ Mehmet yang memanggil mesin secara langsung daripada membuat skrip teks biasa di memori.
Kami menggunakan VBScript untuk membuat pintasan. Itu tidak membutuhkan p / Invoke, COM Interop dan DLL tambahan. Ini bekerja seperti ini:
Ini dia:
static string _scriptTempFilename;
/// <summary>
/// Creates a shortcut at the specified path with the given target and
/// arguments.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">The path where the shortcut will be created. This should
/// be a file with the LNK extension.</param>
/// <param name="target">The target of the shortcut, e.g. the program or file
/// or folder which will be opened.</param>
/// <param name="arguments">The additional command line arguments passed to the
/// target.</param>
public static void CreateShortcut(string path, string target, string arguments)
{
// Check if link path ends with LNK or URL
string extension = Path.GetExtension(path).ToUpper();
if (extension != ".LNK" && extension != ".URL")
{
throw new ArgumentException("The path of the shortcut must have the extension .lnk or .url.");
}
// Get temporary file name with correct extension
_scriptTempFilename = Path.GetTempFileName();
File.Move(_scriptTempFilename, _scriptTempFilename += ".vbs");
// Generate script and write it in the temporary file
File.WriteAllText(_scriptTempFilename, String.Format(@"Dim WSHShell
Set WSHShell = WScript.CreateObject({0}WScript.Shell{0})
Dim Shortcut
Set Shortcut = WSHShell.CreateShortcut({0}{1}{0})
Shortcut.TargetPath = {0}{2}{0}
Shortcut.WorkingDirectory = {0}{3}{0}
Shortcut.Arguments = {0}{4}{0}
Shortcut.Save",
"\"", path, target, Path.GetDirectoryName(target), arguments),
Encoding.Unicode);
// Run the script and delete it after it has finished
Process process = new Process();
process.StartInfo.FileName = _scriptTempFilename;
process.Start();
process.WaitForExit();
File.Delete(_scriptTempFilename);
}
Inilah Metode Ekstensi (Teruji), dengan komentar untuk membantu Anda.
using IWshRuntimeLibrary;
using System;
namespace Extensions
{
public static class XShortCut
{
/// <summary>
/// Creates a shortcut in the startup folder from a exe as found in the current directory.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="exeName">The exe name e.g. test.exe as found in the current directory</param>
/// <param name="startIn">The shortcut's "Start In" folder</param>
/// <param name="description">The shortcut's description</param>
/// <returns>The folder path where created</returns>
public static string CreateShortCutInStartUpFolder(string exeName, string startIn, string description)
{
var startupFolderPath = Environment.SpecialFolder.Startup.GetFolderPath();
var linkPath = startupFolderPath + @"\" + exeName + "-Shortcut.lnk";
var targetPath = Environment.CurrentDirectory + @"\" + exeName;
XFile.Delete(linkPath);
Create(linkPath, targetPath, startIn, description);
return startupFolderPath;
}
/// <summary>
/// Create a shortcut
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fullPathToLink">the full path to the shortcut to be created</param>
/// <param name="fullPathToTargetExe">the full path to the exe to 'really execute'</param>
/// <param name="startIn">Start in this folder</param>
/// <param name="description">Description for the link</param>
public static void Create(string fullPathToLink, string fullPathToTargetExe, string startIn, string description)
{
var shell = new WshShell();
var link = (IWshShortcut)shell.CreateShortcut(fullPathToLink);
link.IconLocation = fullPathToTargetExe;
link.TargetPath = fullPathToTargetExe;
link.Description = description;
link.WorkingDirectory = startIn;
link.Save();
}
}
}
Dan contoh penggunaan:
XShortCut.CreateShortCutInStartUpFolder(THEEXENAME,
Environment.CurrentDirectory,
"Starts some executable in the current directory of application");
Parm pertama menetapkan nama exe (ditemukan di direktori saat ini) Parm kedua adalah folder "Start In" dan parm ke-3 adalah deskripsi pintasan.
Konvensi penamaan tautan tidak meninggalkan ambiguitas tentang apa yang akan dilakukannya. Untuk menguji tautan, cukup klik dua kali.
Catatan Akhir: aplikasi itu sendiri (target) harus memiliki gambar ICON yang terkait dengannya. Tautan dengan mudah dapat menemukan ICON di dalam exe. Jika aplikasi target memiliki lebih dari satu ikon, Anda dapat membuka properti tautan dan mengubah ikon tersebut ke ikon lain yang ditemukan di exe.
Saya menggunakan referensi "Model Objek Host Skrip Windows" untuk membuat pintasan.

dan untuk membuat pintasan di lokasi tertentu:
void CreateShortcut(string linkPath, string filename)
{
// Create shortcut dir if not exists
if (!Directory.Exists(linkPath))
Directory.CreateDirectory(linkPath);
// shortcut file name
string linkName = Path.ChangeExtension(Path.GetFileName(filename), ".lnk");
// COM object instance/props
IWshRuntimeLibrary.WshShell shell = new IWshRuntimeLibrary.WshShell();
IWshRuntimeLibrary.IWshShortcut sc = (IWshRuntimeLibrary.IWshShortcut)shell.CreateShortcut(linkName);
sc.Description = "some desc";
//shortcut.IconLocation = @"C:\...";
sc.TargetPath = linkPath;
// save shortcut to target
sc.Save();
}
private void CreateShortcut(string executablePath, string name)
{
CMDexec("echo Set oWS = WScript.CreateObject('WScript.Shell') > CreateShortcut.vbs");
CMDexec("echo sLinkFile = '" + Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("homedrive") + "\\users\\" + Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("username") + "\\desktop\\" + name + ".ink' >> CreateShortcut.vbs");
CMDexec("echo Set oLink = oWS.CreateShortcut(sLinkFile) >> CreateShortcut.vbs");
CMDexec("echo oLink.TargetPath = '" + executablePath + "' >> CreateShortcut.vbs");
CMDexec("echo oLink.Save >> CreateShortcut.vbs");
CMDexec("cscript CreateShortcut.vbs");
CMDexec("del CreateShortcut.vbs");
}
Saya telah membuat kelas pembungkus berdasarkan jawaban Rustam Irzaev dengan menggunakan IWshRuntimeLibrary.
IWshRuntimeLibrary -> Referensi -> COM> Windows Script Host Object Model
using System;
using System.IO;
using IWshRuntimeLibrary;
using File = System.IO.File;
public static class Shortcut
{
public static void CreateShortcut(string originalFilePathAndName, string destinationSavePath)
{
string fileName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(originalFilePathAndName);
string originalFilePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(originalFilePathAndName);
string link = destinationSavePath + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar + fileName + ".lnk";
var shell = new WshShell();
var shortcut = shell.CreateShortcut(link) as IWshShortcut;
if (shortcut != null)
{
shortcut.TargetPath = originalFilePathAndName;
shortcut.WorkingDirectory = originalFilePath;
shortcut.Save();
}
}
public static void CreateStartupShortcut()
{
CreateShortcut(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetEntryAssembly()?.Location, Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Startup));
}
public static void DeleteShortcut(string originalFilePathAndName, string destinationSavePath)
{
string fileName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(originalFilePathAndName);
string originalFilePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(originalFilePathAndName);
string link = destinationSavePath + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar + fileName + ".lnk";
if (File.Exists(link)) File.Delete(link);
}
public static void DeleteStartupShortcut()
{
DeleteShortcut(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetEntryAssembly()?.Location, Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Startup));
}
}
Untuk Windows Vista / 7/8/10, Anda dapat membuat symlink melalui mklink.
Process.Start("cmd.exe", $"/c mklink {linkName} {applicationPath}");
Atau, hubungi CreateSymbolicLinkmelalui P / Invoke.