Tidak yakin persis seberapa efisien ini mempertimbangkan pengindeksan lanjutan yang terlibat, tetapi ini adalah salah satu cara untuk melakukannya:
import numpy as np
a = np.array([8, 18, 5, 15, 12])
b = a[:, None] - a
# Fill lower triangle with largest negative
b[np.tril_indices(len(a))] = np.iinfo(b.dtype).min # np.finfo for float
# Put diagonals as rows
s = b.strides[1]
diags = np.ndarray((len(a) - 1, len(a) - 1), b.dtype, b, offset=s, strides=(s, (len(a) + 1) * s))
# Get maximum from each row and add initial zero
c = np.r_[0, diags.max(1)]
print(c)
# [ 0 13 3 6 -4]
EDIT:
Alternatif lain, yang mungkin bukan yang Anda cari, hanya menggunakan Numba, misalnya seperti ini:
import numpy as np
import numba as nb
def max_window_diffs_jdehesa(a):
a = np.asarray(a)
dtinf = np.iinfo(b.dtype) if np.issubdtype(b.dtype, np.integer) else np.finfo(b.dtype)
out = np.full_like(a, dtinf.min)
_pwise_diffs(a, out)
return out
@nb.njit(parallel=True)
def _pwise_diffs(a, out):
out[0] = 0
for w in nb.prange(1, len(a)):
for i in range(len(a) - w):
out[w] = max(a[i] - a[i + w], out[w])
a = np.array([8, 18, 5, 15, 12])
print(max_window_diffs(a))
# [ 0 13 3 6 -4]
Membandingkan metode ini dengan yang asli:
import numpy as np
import numba as nb
def max_window_diffs_orig(a):
a = np.asarray(a)
b = a - a[:, None]
out = np.zeros(len(a), b.dtype)
out[-1] = b[-1, 0]
for i in range(1, len(a) - 1):
out[i] = np.diag(b, -i).max()
return out
def max_window_diffs_jdehesa_np(a):
a = np.asarray(a)
b = a[:, None] - a
dtinf = np.iinfo(b.dtype) if np.issubdtype(b.dtype, np.integer) else np.finfo(b.dtype)
b[np.tril_indices(len(a))] = dtinf.min
s = b.strides[1]
diags = np.ndarray((len(a) - 1, len(a) - 1), b.dtype, b, offset=s, strides=(s, (len(a) + 1) * s))
return np.concatenate([[0], diags.max(1)])
def max_window_diffs_jdehesa_nb(a):
a = np.asarray(a)
dtinf = np.iinfo(b.dtype) if np.issubdtype(b.dtype, np.integer) else np.finfo(b.dtype)
out = np.full_like(a, dtinf.min)
_pwise_diffs(a, out)
return out
@nb.njit(parallel=True)
def _pwise_diffs(a, out):
out[0] = 0
for w in nb.prange(1, len(a)):
for i in range(len(a) - w):
out[w] = max(a[i] - a[i + w], out[w])
np.random.seed(0)
a = np.random.randint(0, 100, size=100)
r = max_window_diffs_orig(a)
print((max_window_diffs_jdehesa_np(a) == r).all())
# True
print((max_window_diffs_jdehesa_nb(a) == r).all())
# True
%timeit max_window_diffs_orig(a)
# 348 µs ± 986 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1000 loops each)
%timeit max_window_diffs_jdehesa_np(a)
# 91.7 µs ± 1.3 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10000 loops each)
%timeit max_window_diffs_jdehesa_nb(a)
# 19.7 µs ± 88.1 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100000 loops each)
np.random.seed(0)
a = np.random.randint(0, 100, size=10000)
%timeit max_window_diffs_orig(a)
# 651 ms ± 26 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
%timeit max_window_diffs_jdehesa_np(a)
# 1.61 s ± 6.19 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
%timeit max_window_diffs_jdehesa_nb(a)
# 22 ms ± 967 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)
Yang pertama mungkin sedikit lebih baik untuk array yang lebih kecil, tetapi tidak berfungsi dengan baik untuk array yang lebih besar. Numba di sisi lain cukup bagus dalam semua kasus.
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