Pernis "FetchError no backend connection" kesalahan

Varnishlog:

    0 CLI          - Rd ping
    0 CLI          - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829925 1.0
   12 SessionOpen  c 79.124.74.11 3063 :80
   12 SessionClose c EOF
   12 StatSess     c 79.124.74.11 3063 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
    0 CLI          - Rd ping
    0 CLI          - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829928 1.0
    0 CLI          - Rd ping
    0 CLI          - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829931 1.0
   12 SessionOpen  c 108.62.115.226 46211 :80
   12 ReqStart     c 108.62.115.226 46211 467185881
   12 RxRequest    c GET
   12 RxURL        c /
   12 RxProtocol   c HTTP/1.0
   12 RxHeader     c User-Agent: Pingdom.com_bot_version_1.4_(http://www.pingdom.com/)
   12 RxHeader     c Host: www.mysite.com
   12 VCL_call     c recv lookup
   12 VCL_call     c hash
   12 Hash         c /
   12 Hash         c www.mysite.com
   12 VCL_return   c hash
   12 VCL_call     c miss fetch
   12 FetchError   c no backend connection
   12 VCL_call     c error deliver
   12 VCL_call     c deliver deliver
   12 TxProtocol   c HTTP/1.1
   12 TxStatus     c 503
   12 TxResponse   c Service Unavailable
   12 TxHeader     c Server: Varnish
   12 TxHeader     c Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
   12 TxHeader     c Retry-After: 5
   12 TxHeader     c Content-Length: 418
   12 TxHeader     c Accept-Ranges: bytes
   12 TxHeader     c Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2012 20:45:31 GMT
   12 TxHeader     c X-Varnish: 467185881
   12 TxHeader     c Age: 1
   12 TxHeader     c Via: 1.1 varnish
   12 TxHeader     c Connection: close
   12 Length       c 418
   12 ReqEnd       c 467185881 1340829931.192433119 1340829931.891024113 0.000051022 0.698516846 0.000074035
   12 SessionClose c error
   12 StatSess     c 108.62.115.226 46211 1 1 1 0 0 0 256 418
    0 CLI          - Rd ping
    0 CLI          - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829934 1.0
    0 CLI          - Rd ping
    0 CLI          - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829937 1.0

netstat -tlnp
 Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8080            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3086/nginx      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1915/varnishd   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1279/sshd       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.2:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3195/sendmail: MTA:
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.2:6082          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1914/varnishd   
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.2:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1317/php-fpm.conf)
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.2:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1192/mysqld     
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.2:587           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3195/sendmail: MTA:
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.2:11211         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3072/memcached  
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      3086/nginx      
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      1915/varnishd   
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1279/sshd  

/ etc / nginx / situs-enabled / default

server {
    listen   8080; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied
    listen   [::]:8080 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6

    root /usr/share/nginx/www;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;

    # Make site accessible from http://localhost/
    server_name localhost;

    location / {
        # First attempt to serve request as file, then
        # as directory, then fall back to index.html
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
    }

    location /doc {
        root /usr/share;
        autoindex on;
        allow 127.0.0.2;
        deny all;
    }

    location /images {
        root /usr/share;
        autoindex off;
    }

    #error_page 404 /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    #location = /50x.html {
    #   root /usr/share/nginx/www;
    #}

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #   proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.2:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #   deny all;
    #}
}

/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/www.mysite.com.vhost

server {
       listen 8080;
       server_name www.mysite.com mysite.com.net;
       root /var/www/www.mysite.com/web;
       if ($http_host != "www.mysite.com") {
                 rewrite ^ http://www.mysite.com$request_uri permanent;
       }
       index index.php index.html;
       location = /favicon.ico {
                log_not_found off;
                access_log off;
       }
       location = /robots.txt {
                allow all;
                log_not_found off;
                access_log off;
       }
       # Deny all attempts to access hidden files such as .htaccess, .htpasswd, .DS_Store (Mac).
       location ~ /\. {
                deny all;
                access_log off;
                log_not_found off;
       }
       location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
       }
       # Add trailing slash to */wp-admin requests.
       rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent;
       location ~*  \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|css|js|ico)$ {
                expires max;
                log_not_found off;
       }
       location ~ \.php$ {
                try_files $uri =404;
                include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.2:9000;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
       }

include /var/www/www.mysite.com/web/nginx.conf;
       location ~ /nginx.conf {
                deny all;
                access_log off;
                log_not_found off;
       }

}

/etc/varnish/default.vcl

# This is a basic VCL configuration file for varnish.  See the vcl(7)
# man page for details on VCL syntax and semantics.
# 
# Default backend definition.  Set this to point to your content
# server.
# 
backend default {
    .host = "127.0.0.2";
    .port = "8080";
    # .connect_timeout = 600s;
    #.first_byte_timeout = 600s;
    # .between_bytes_timeout = 600s;
    # .max_connections = 800;

Catatan: membatalkan komentar empat opsi terakhir di default.vcl tidak membuat perbedaan.

cat / etc / default / varnish

# Configuration file for varnish
#
# /etc/init.d/varnish expects the variables $DAEMON_OPTS, $NFILES and $MEMLOCK
# to be set from this shell script fragment.
#

# Should we start varnishd at boot?  Set to "yes" to enable.
START=yes

# Maximum number of open files (for ulimit -n)
NFILES=131072

# Maximum locked memory size (for ulimit -l)
# Used for locking the shared memory log in memory.  If you increase log size,
# you need to increase this number as well
MEMLOCK=82000

# Default varnish instance name is the local nodename.  Can be overridden with
# the -n switch, to have more instances on a single server.
INSTANCE=$(uname -n)

# This file contains 4 alternatives, please use only one.

## Alternative 1, Minimal configuration, no VCL
#
# Listen on port 6081, administration on localhost:6082, and forward to
# content server on localhost:8080.  Use a 1GB fixed-size cache file.
#
# DAEMON_OPTS="-a :6081 \
#              -T localhost:6082 \
#        -b localhost:8080 \
#        -u varnish -g varnish \
#            -S /etc/varnish/secret \
#        -s file,/var/lib/varnish/$INSTANCE/varnish_storage.bin,1G"


## Alternative 2, Configuration with VCL
#
# Listen on port 6081, administration on localhost:6082, and forward to
# one content server selected by the vcl file, based on the request.  Use a 1GB
# fixed-size cache file.
#
DAEMON_OPTS="-a :80 \
             -T 127.0.0.2:6082 \
             -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \
             -S /etc/varnish/secret \
             -s file,/var/lib/varnish/$INSTANCE/varnish_storage.bin,1G"

Jika Anda memerlukan info lain, beri tahu saya. Saya semua tidak tahu apa masalahnya.

header ikal memberi saya ini:

curl -v -I -H "Testing: Test header so you see this works" http://www.mysite.com:8080
* About to connect() to www.mysite.com port 8080 (#0)
*   Trying 176.31.158.78... connected
* Connected to www.mysite.com (176.31.158.78) port 8080 (#0)
> HEAD / HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.21.4 (universal-apple-darwin11.0) libcurl/7.21.4 OpenSSL/0.9.8r zlib/1.2.5
> Host: www.mysite.com:8080
> Accept: */*
> Testing: Test header so you see this works
> 
< HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
< Server: nginx/1.0.5
Server: nginx/1.0.5
< Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2012 11:01:23 GMT
Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2012 11:01:23 GMT
< Content-Type: text/html
Content-Type: text/html
< Content-Length: 184
Content-Length: 184
< Connection: keep-alive
Connection: keep-alive
< Location: http://www.mysite.com/
Location: http://www.mysite.com/

< 
* Connection #0 to host www.mysite.com left intact
* Closing connection #0

Saya memiliki masalah serupa ketika mencoba menguji Varnish secara lokal dengan backend berbeda. Menggunakan 127.0.0.1:8080bekerja dengan baik tetapi mengubah port untuk 8081memberi saya 503, meskipun backend itu bekerja dengan baik bagi saya di luar Varnish.

Masalahnya disebabkan oleh SELinux yang tidak mengizinkan koneksi. Saya menemukan itu dengan mengekor log audit dan memprovokasi 503 dari Varnish:

$ sudo tail -f /var/log/audit/audit.log type=AVC msg=audit(1539253067.438:1379): avc: denied { name_connect } for pid=10154 comm="varnishd" dest=8081 scontext=system_u:system_r:varnishd_t:s0 tcontext=system_u:object_r:transproxy_port_t:s0 tclass=tcp_socket

Untuk melihat port yang diizinkan oleh SELinux dari Varnish Anda dapat menggunakan perintah ini:

$ sudo semanage port -l | grep http_cache_port_t http_cache_port_t tcp 8080, 8118, 8123, 10001-10010

Untuk memperbaiki masalah ini Anda dapat menggunakan port lain, mis. 8118Atau meminta SELinux untuk mengizinkan koneksi ke 8081dari Varnish.

Perintah untuk menambahkan port adalah - -aflag untuk menambahkan port:

semanage port -a -t http_cache_port_t -p tcp 8081

Jika Anda mendapatkan pesan yang mengatakan bahwa port sudah ditentukan maka Anda perlu memodifikasi daripada menambahkan port:

ValueError: Port tcp/8081 already defined

Perintah menukar -abendera untuk -m- 'memodifikasi':

semanage port -m -t http_cache_port_t -p tcp 8081

Anda harus mencoba masuk dengan pengguna pernis dan menguji koneksi ke backend Nginx (127.0.0.2:8080) dengan curl atau wget untuk memastikan itu berfungsi seperti yang diharapkan.

Seperti yang dikatakan cyberx86 pada komentar, itu bisa menjadi masalah SELinux (atau modul keamanan lainnya seperti apparmor, grsec, dll) tidak memungkinkan koneksi antara layanan dan Anda juga harus memeriksa log audit untuk memastikan itu tidak terjadi di server Anda .

Jika backend Anda tidak berfungsi dengan benar (kesalahan pada eksekusi Nginx) Anda akan memiliki masalah seperti ini, cobalah untuk mengakses backend secara langsung dan periksa log untuk memastikan semuanya berjalan seperti yang diharapkan (Pax memberi tahu Anda bahwa pada komentar juga) .

Varnish menerima data di muka dan harus mendengarkan port 80. Data dari Varnish adalah proksi ke Nginx yang mendengarkan port 8080.

Konfigurasi Nginx

server {
    listen 800;
    server_name www.example.com
}

Varnish Config - sudo nano / etc / default / varnish

DAEMON_OPTS="-a :80 \               #note on port 80 here
         -T localhost:6082 \
         -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \
         -S /etc/varnish/secret \
         -s malloc,256m"

Kemudian inilah konfigurasi proxy Varnish ke port 8080 (Nginx) - sudo nano /etc/varnish/default.vcl

backend default {
.host = "127.0.0.1";
.port = "8080";
}

Saya memiliki kesalahan yang sama dalam konfigurasi beberapa situs, dan pengalihan domain bukan www ke www adalah masalahnya . Ini adalah bagaimana saya mengkonfigurasinya (bagian yang relevan).

Dalam Anda .vcl, kesub vcl_recv

vcl 4.0;

sub vcl_recv {
    #THIS IS THE IMPORTANT POINT
    #redirect non www to www domains ip no subdomain defined
    if (req.http.host ~ "^([-0-9a-zA-Z]+)\.([a-zA-Z]+)$") {
       return (synth (750, ""));
    }

    # Normalize the header, remove the port
    set req.http.host = regsub(req.http.host, ":[0-9]+", "");

    #OFTEN SHIPS WITH THIS OTHER ONE, COMMENT IT OTHERWISE IT WILL FAIL
    #set req.http.Host = regsub(req.http.Host, "^www\.", "");

    # For the sake of example, a couple of custom backends, 
    # note www is specified in the req.http.host
    if (req.http.host ~ "foo.example.tld") {
         set req.backend_hint = example;
    }
     elseif (req.http.host ~ "www.other.com") {
         set req.backend_hint = other;
    }

Lalu sub vcl_synth, tambahkan ini:

sub vcl_synth {
    if (resp.status == 750) {
        #redirect non www to www
        set resp.status = 301;
        set resp.http.Location = "http://www." + req.http.host + req.url;
        return(deliver);
    }

Sehingga pengalihan itu akan ditangani oleh Varnish sebelum meminta backend , menghindari loop, atau tidak ada koneksi backend ...

Terakhir, di vhost situs Anda, tidak perlu lagi memiliki dua blok server, Anda dapat berkomentar atau menghapus yang bukan www

#server {
#        listen 1.2.3.4:8080;
#        server_name example.tld;
#        return 301 http://www.example.tld;
#}

server {
        listen 1.2.3.4:8080;
        server_name www.example.tld;