Saya mencoba mendiagnosis masalah sistem file yang lambat pada server yang saya rawat. Sudah berlangsung cukup lama, dan saya kehabisan ide tentang apa yang bisa saya coba. Inilah yang tebal.
Server itu sendiri adalah Dell Poweredge T310. Ini memiliki 4 hard drive SAS di dalamnya, dikonfigurasi pada RAID5, dan menjalankan Citrix XenServer 5.6. VM adalah instalasi (relatif) Debian 5.0.6 lama. Ini diberikan 4 core, dan 4Gb untuk RAM. Ini memiliki 3 volume. Volume 10Gb (ext3) untuk sistem, volume 980Gb (xfs) untuk data (~ 94% penuh), dan volume 200Gb lainnya (xfs) untuk data (~ 13% penuh).
Nah, ini yang aneh. Akses baca / tulis ke volume 980Gb benar-benar lambat. Saya mungkin mendapatkan 5Mb / s jika saya beruntung. Pada awalnya saya pikir itu sebenarnya akses disk di sistem, atau di tingkat hypervisor, tetapi memutuskan bahwa sepenuhnya karena VM lain di host yang sama berjalan dengan baik (beberapa ratus Mb / s disk akses r / w disk). Jadi saya mulai menargetkan VM khusus ini. Saya mulai berpikir itu adalah XFS, tetapi untuk membuktikannya saya tidak akan berusaha mengubah sistem file pada drive 980Gb, dengan milyaran file di sana. Jadi saya menyediakan drive 200Gb, dan melakukan tes baca / tulis yang sama (pada dasarnya dd), dan mendapat beberapa ratus Mb / sr / w akses yang baik untuk itu. Sehingga mengesampingkan VM, perangkat keras, dan tipe sistem file.
Ada banyak juga di /var/log/kern.log; (maaf, ini cukup lama)
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564689] httpd: page allocation failure. order:5, mode:0x4020
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564693] Pid: 7318, comm: httpd Not tainted 2.6.32-4-686-bigmem #1
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564696] Call Trace:
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564705] [<c1092a4d>] ? __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x476/0x4e0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564711] [<c1092ac3>] ? __get_free_pages+0xc/0x17
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564716] [<c10b632e>] ? __kmalloc+0x30/0x128
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564722] [<c11dd774>] ? pskb_expand_head+0x4f/0x157
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564727] [<c11ddbbf>] ? __pskb_pull_tail+0x41/0x1fb
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564732] [<c11e4882>] ? dev_queue_xmit+0xe4/0x38e
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564738] [<c1205902>] ? ip_finish_output+0x0/0x5c
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564742] [<c12058c7>] ? ip_finish_output2+0x187/0x1c2
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564747] [<c1204dc8>] ? ip_local_out+0x15/0x17
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564751] [<c12055a9>] ? ip_queue_xmit+0x31e/0x379
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564758] [<c1279a90>] ? _spin_lock_bh+0x8/0x1e
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564767] [<eda15a8d>] ? __nf_ct_refresh_acct+0x66/0xa4 [nf_conntrack]
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564773] [<c103bf42>] ? _local_bh_enable_ip+0x16/0x6e
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564779] [<c1214593>] ? tcp_transmit_skb+0x595/0x5cc
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564785] [<c1005c4f>] ? xen_restore_fl_direct_end+0x0/0x1
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564791] [<c12165ea>] ? tcp_write_xmit+0x7a3/0x874
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564796] [<c121203a>] ? tcp_ack+0x1611/0x1802
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564801] [<c10055ec>] ? xen_force_evtchn_callback+0xc/0x10
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564806] [<c121392f>] ? tcp_established_options+0x1d/0x8b
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564811] [<c1213be4>] ? tcp_current_mss+0x38/0x53
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564816] [<c1216701>] ? __tcp_push_pending_frames+0x1e/0x50
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564821] [<c1212246>] ? tcp_data_snd_check+0x1b/0xd2
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564825] [<c1212de3>] ? tcp_rcv_established+0x5d0/0x626
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564831] [<c121902c>] ? tcp_v4_do_rcv+0x15f/0x2cf
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564835] [<c1219561>] ? tcp_v4_rcv+0x3c5/0x5c0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564841] [<c120197e>] ? ip_local_deliver_finish+0x10c/0x18c
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564846] [<c12015a4>] ? ip_rcv_finish+0x2c4/0x2d8
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564852] [<c11e3b71>] ? netif_receive_skb+0x3bb/0x3d6
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564864] [<ed823efc>] ? xennet_poll+0x9b8/0xafc [xen_netfront]
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564869] [<c11e40ee>] ? net_rx_action+0x96/0x194
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564874] [<c103bd4c>] ? __do_softirq+0xaa/0x151
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564878] [<c103be24>] ? do_softirq+0x31/0x3c
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564883] [<c103befa>] ? irq_exit+0x26/0x58
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564890] [<c118ff9f>] ? xen_evtchn_do_upcall+0x12c/0x13e
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564896] [<c1008c3f>] ? xen_do_upcall+0x7/0xc
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564899] Mem-Info:
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564902] DMA per-cpu:
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564905] CPU 0: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564908] CPU 1: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564911] CPU 2: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564914] CPU 3: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564916] Normal per-cpu:
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564919] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 175
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564922] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 165
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564925] CPU 2: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 30
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564928] CPU 3: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 140
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564931] HighMem per-cpu:
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564933] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 159
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564936] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 22
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564939] CPU 2: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 24
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564942] CPU 3: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 13
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564947] active_anon:485974 inactive_anon:121138 isolated_anon:0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564948] active_file:75215 inactive_file:79510 isolated_file:0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564949] unevictable:0 dirty:516 writeback:15 unstable:0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564950] free:230770 slab_reclaimable:36661 slab_unreclaimable:21249
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564952] mapped:20016 shmem:29450 pagetables:5600 bounce:0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564958] DMA free:2884kB min:72kB low:88kB high:108kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:5692kB inactive_file:724kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:15872kB mlocked:0kB dirty:8kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:5112kB slab_unreclaimable:156kB kernel_stack:56kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564964] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 698 4143 4143
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564977] Normal free:143468kB min:3344kB low:4180kB high:5016kB active_anon:56kB inactive_anon:2068kB active_file:131812kB inactive_file:131728kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:715256kB mlocked:0kB dirty:156kB writeback:0kB mapped:308kB shmem:4kB slab_reclaimable:141532kB slab_unreclaimable:84840kB kernel_stack:1928kB pagetables:22400kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564983] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 27559 27559
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.564995] HighMem free:776728kB min:512kB low:4636kB high:8760kB active_anon:1943840kB inactive_anon:482484kB active_file:163356kB inactive_file:185588kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:3527556kB mlocked:0kB dirty:1900kB writeback:60kB mapped:79756kB shmem:117796kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.565001] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.565011] DMA: 385*4kB 16*8kB 3*16kB 9*32kB 6*64kB 2*128kB 1*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 2900kB
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.565032] Normal: 21505*4kB 6508*8kB 273*16kB 24*32kB 3*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 143412kB
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.565054] HighMem: 949*4kB 8859*8kB 7063*16kB 6186*32kB 4631*64kB 727*128kB 6*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 776604kB
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.565076] 198980 total pagecache pages
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.565079] 14850 pages in swap cache
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.565082] Swap cache stats: add 2556273, delete 2541423, find 82961339/83153719
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.565085] Free swap = 250592kB
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.565087] Total swap = 385520kB
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.575454] 1073152 pages RAM
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.575458] 888834 pages HighMem
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.575461] 11344 pages reserved
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.575463] 1090481 pages shared
Sep 4 10:16:59 uriel kernel: [32571790.575465] 737188 pages non-shared
Sekarang, saya tidak tahu apa artinya ini. Ada banyak memori gratis;
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 4247232 3455904 791328 0 5348 736412
-/+ buffers/cache: 2714144 1533088
Swap: 385520 131004 254516
Meskipun sekarang saya melihat swap ukurannya relatif rendah, tetapi apakah itu penting?
Saya sudah mulai berpikir tentang fragmentasi, atau penggunaan inode pada partisi besar itu, tetapi fsck baru-baru ini menunjukkan hanya 0,5% terfragmentasi. Yang membuat saya menggunakan inode, tetapi berapa banyak efek yang benar-benar akan memiliki tabel inode besar atau sistem file TOC?
Saya senang mendengar pendapat orang tentang ini. Ini membuat saya pispot!
df -h output;
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1 9.5G 6.6G 2.4G 74% /
tmpfs 2.1G 0 2.1G 0% /lib/init/rw
udev 10M 520K 9.5M 6% /dev
tmpfs 2.1G 0 2.1G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/xvdb 980G 921G 59G 94% /data
output xfs_db;
# xfs_db -r -c frag /dev/xvdb
actual 15687263, ideal 15385050, fragmentation factor 1.93%
df -h
?
/dev/xvdb
sistem file.