Saya telah mengonfigurasi fail2ban untuk memantau pola lalu lintas jahat tertentu yang saya dapatkan dan melarang alamat IP yang terkait.
Semuanya tampaknya berfungsi dengan baik - regex mencocokkan pola dengan tepat dan masalah alamat IP semakin ditambahkan ke iptables.
Namun, ketika saya memeriksa log Apache saya masih mendapatkan hit dari alamat IP yang diblokir. Seolah-olah iptables tidak berjalan sama sekali.
Jadi izinkan saya berbagi beberapa spesifik hanya untuk mengonfirmasi bahwa semuanya sudah dikonfigurasi dengan benar.
Pertama, saya akan menghapus dan memuat kembali aturan iptables:
$ sudo iptables -F
$ cat /etc/iptables.firewall.rules
*filter
# Allow all loopback (lo0) traffic and drop all traffic to 127/8 that doesn't use lo0
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT
# Accept all established inbound connections
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
# Allow all outbound traffic - you can modify this to only allow certain traffic
-A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT
# Allow HTTP and HTTPS connections from anywhere (the normal ports for websites and SSL).
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
# Allow SSH connections
#
# The -dport number should be the same port number you set in sshd_config
#
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
# Allow ping
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
# Log iptables denied calls
-A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7
# Drop all other inbound - default deny unless explicitly allowed policy
-A INPUT -j DROP
-A FORWARD -j DROP
COMMIT
$ sudo iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.firewall.rules
$ sudo iptables -nvL
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
0 0 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 127.0.0.0/8 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
14 1432 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
1 60 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22
0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
0 0 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 5/min burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix "iptables denied: "
0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
11 1638 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Sekarang, seperti inilah konfigurasi fail2ban:
$ cat /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-xmlrpc.conf
[Definition]
failregex = .*:80 <HOST> .*POST .*xmlrpc\.php.*
ignoreregex =
$ cat /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
[apache-xmlrpc]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = apache-xmlrpc
logpath = /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log
maxretry = 6
$ fail2ban-regex /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-xmlrpc.conf
Running tests
=============
Use regex file : /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-xmlrpc.conf
Use log file : /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log
Results
=======
Failregex
|- Regular expressions:
| [1] .*:80 <HOST> .*POST .*xmlrpc\.php.*
|
`- Number of matches:
[1] 29 match(es)
Ignoreregex
|- Regular expressions:
|
`- Number of matches:
Summary
=======
Addresses found:
[1]
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:41:52 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:41:53 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:41:55 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:41:56 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:41:57 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:41:58 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:41:59 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:00 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:02 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:03 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:04 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:05 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:06 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:07 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:09 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:10 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:11 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:12 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:13 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:15 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:16 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:17 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:18 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:19 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:20 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:22 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:23 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:24 2013)
80.82.70.239 (Sat Jul 13 02:42:25 2013)
Date template hits:
0 hit(s): MONTH Day Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): WEEKDAY MONTH Day Hour:Minute:Second Year
0 hit(s): WEEKDAY MONTH Day Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Year/Month/Day Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Day/Month/Year Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Day/Month/Year Hour:Minute:Second
70 hit(s): Day/MONTH/Year:Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Month/Day/Year:Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Year-Month-Day Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Year.Month.Day Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Day-MONTH-Year Hour:Minute:Second[.Millisecond]
0 hit(s): Day-Month-Year Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): TAI64N
0 hit(s): Epoch
0 hit(s): ISO 8601
0 hit(s): Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): <Month/Day/Year@Hour:Minute:Second>
Success, the total number of match is 29
However, look at the above section 'Running tests' which could contain important
information.
Seperti yang Anda lihat, saya memiliki failregex yang diatur dalam filter dan filter diaktifkan. Menggunakan fail2ban-regex, filter memang menemukan kecocokan dalam file log yang saya pantau. (Saya secara aktif ditabrak oleh alamat IP yang bermasalah sekarang yang membuat pengujian cukup mudah.)
Jadi sekarang saya memulai kembali fail2ban dan mengamati aturan yang berlaku:
$ sudo service fail2ban restart
* Restarting authentication failure monitor fail2ban [ OK ]
$ tail /var/log/fail2ban.log -n 50
2013-07-13 02:42:58,014 fail2ban.server : INFO Stopping all jails
2013-07-13 02:42:58,745 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'apache-xmlrpc' stopped
2013-07-13 02:42:59,439 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh' stopped
2013-07-13 02:42:59,440 fail2ban.server : INFO Exiting Fail2ban
2013-07-13 02:43:08,055 fail2ban.server : INFO Changed logging target to /var/log/fail2ban.log for Fail2ban v0.8.6
2013-07-13 02:43:08,057 fail2ban.jail : INFO Creating new jail 'ssh'
2013-07-13 02:43:08,111 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh' uses Gamin
2013-07-13 02:43:08,397 fail2ban.filter : INFO Added logfile = /var/log/auth.log
2013-07-13 02:43:08,404 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set maxRetry = 6
2013-07-13 02:43:08,414 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set findtime = 600
2013-07-13 02:43:08,435 fail2ban.actions: INFO Set banTime = 600
2013-07-13 02:43:09,277 fail2ban.jail : INFO Creating new jail 'apache-xmlrpc'
2013-07-13 02:43:09,277 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'apache-xmlrpc' uses Gamin
2013-07-13 02:43:09,283 fail2ban.filter : INFO Added logfile = /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log
2013-07-13 02:43:09,286 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set maxRetry = 6
2013-07-13 02:43:09,289 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set findtime = 600
2013-07-13 02:43:09,292 fail2ban.actions: INFO Set banTime = 600
2013-07-13 02:43:09,458 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh' started
2013-07-13 02:43:09,792 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'apache-xmlrpc' started
2013-07-13 02:43:11,361 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] Ban 80.82.70.239
$ sudo iptables -nvL
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
244 39277 fail2ban-apache-xmlrpc tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 80,443
101 7716 fail2ban-ssh tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 22
0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
0 0 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 127.0.0.0/8 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
3404 582K ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
349 20900 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443
12 720 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22
0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
2 80 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 5/min burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix "iptables denied: "
2 80 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
3331 4393K ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain fail2ban-apache-xmlrpc (1 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 DROP all -- * * 80.82.70.239 0.0.0.0/0
244 39277 RETURN all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain fail2ban-ssh (1 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 DROP all -- * * 223.4.147.8 0.0.0.0/0
101 7716 RETURN all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh log fail2ban, set aturan tampaknya dikonfigurasi dengan benar. Anda dapat melihat bahwa alamat IP yang bermasalah langsung ditangkap dan diblokir. Output dari iptables menunjukkan bahwa itu sebenarnya sedang dijatuhkan.
Namun, saya mengamati bahwa tidak ada paket yang dijatuhkan untuk alamat IP yang cocok dengan rantai fail2ban-apache-xmlrpc. Cukup yakin, saya memeriksa log apache:
$ tail /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log
www.--SNIP--.com:80 80.82.70.239 - - [13/Jul/2013:02:43:53 +0000] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 403 474 "-" "-"
www.--SNIP--.com:80 80.82.70.239 - - [13/Jul/2013:02:43:54 +0000] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 403 474 "-" "-"
www.--SNIP--.com:80 80.82.70.239 - - [13/Jul/2013:02:43:56 +0000] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 403 474 "-" "-"
www.--SNIP--.com:80 80.82.70.239 - - [13/Jul/2013:02:43:57 +0000] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 403 474 "-" "-"
www.--SNIP--.com:80 80.82.70.239 - - [13/Jul/2013:02:43:58 +0000] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 403 474 "-" "-"
www.--SNIP--.com:80 80.82.70.239 - - [13/Jul/2013:02:43:59 +0000] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 403 474 "-" "-"
www.--SNIP--.com:80 80.82.70.239 - - [13/Jul/2013:02:44:00 +0000] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 403 474 "-" "-"
www.--SNIP--.com:80 80.82.70.239 - - [13/Jul/2013:02:44:02 +0000] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 403 474 "-" "-"
Tidak, itu tidak diblokir! Saya juga bisa mengkonfirmasi ini di log fail2ban:
$ tail /var/log/fail2ban.log
2013-07-13 02:52:30,757 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] 80.82.70.239 already banned
2013-07-13 02:52:37,767 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] 80.82.70.239 already banned
2013-07-13 02:52:44,783 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] 80.82.70.239 already banned
2013-07-13 02:52:51,814 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] 80.82.70.239 already banned
2013-07-13 02:52:58,830 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] 80.82.70.239 already banned
2013-07-13 02:53:05,842 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] 80.82.70.239 already banned
2013-07-13 02:53:11,858 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] Unban 80.82.70.239
2013-07-13 02:53:12,910 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] Ban 80.82.70.239
2013-07-13 02:53:20,118 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] 80.82.70.239 already banned
2013-07-13 02:53:27,129 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-xmlrpc] 80.82.70.239 already banned
Itu terus muncul kembali di log apache dan dengan demikian fail2ban mencoba untuk terus melarangnya!
Jujur saya tidak bisa mencari tahu bagi saya mengapa iptables tidak menjatuhkan lalu lintas dari alamat IP ini. Perintah aturan tampaknya benar bagi saya, dengan DROP datang sebelum yang lain.
Saya telah Google banyak hasil di mana orang-orang memiliki masalah yang sama, tetapi tampaknya selalu kembali ke masalah pelarangan lalu lintas SSH di mana mereka berada di pelabuhan yang tidak standar. Dalam kasus saya, saya hanya mencoba untuk melarang alamat IP pada port http standar 80.
Saya harap saya hanya mengabaikan sesuatu yang sangat sederhana. Ini adalah VPS yang menjalankan Ubuntu 12.04 di Linode. Jika ada yang punya ide, beri tahu saya. Terimakasih banyak...
EDIT : Ini adalah output dariiptables -S
$ sudo iptables -S
-P INPUT ACCEPT
-P FORWARD ACCEPT
-P OUTPUT ACCEPT
-N fail2ban-apache-xmlrpc
-N fail2ban-ssh
-A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j fail2ban-apache-xmlrpc
-A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 22 -j fail2ban-ssh
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7
-A INPUT -j DROP
-A FORWARD -j DROP
-A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT
-A fail2ban-apache-xmlrpc -s 80.82.70.239/32 -j DROP
-A fail2ban-apache-xmlrpc -j RETURN
-A fail2ban-ssh -s 223.4.147.8/32 -j DROP
-A fail2ban-ssh -j RETURN
iptables -S
untuk Anda. Beri tahu saya jika itu memberi Anda wawasan lebih lanjut.
So now I restart fail2ban and observe the rules taking effect:
blok
iptables -s
mungkin lebih bermanfaat bagi kita daripada formatiptables -L