Judulnya mengatakan itu semua, dan saya bingung. Berikut ini menjalankan langkah-langkah berulang aov () di R, dan menjalankan apa yang saya pikir adalah panggilan lm () yang setara, tetapi mereka mengembalikan sisa kesalahan yang berbeda (meskipun jumlah kuadratnya sama).
Jelas bahwa nilai residu dan pas dari aov () adalah yang digunakan dalam model, karena jumlah kuadratnya bertambah hingga masing-masing model / jumlah residu kuadrat yang dilaporkan dalam ringkasan (my.aov). Jadi apa saja model linear aktual yang diterapkan pada desain tindakan berulang?
set.seed(1)
# make data frame,
# 5 participants, with 2 experimental factors, each with 2 levels
# factor1 is A, B
# factor2 is 1, 2
DF <- data.frame(participant=factor(1:5), A.1=rnorm(5, 50, 20), A.2=rnorm(5, 100, 20), B.1=rnorm(5, 20, 20), B.2=rnorm(5, 50, 20))
# get our experimental conditions
conditions <- names(DF)[ names(DF) != "participant" ]
# reshape it for aov
DFlong <- reshape(DF, direction="long", varying=conditions, v.names="value", idvar="participant", times=conditions, timevar="group")
# make the conditions separate variables called factor1 and factor2
DFlong$factor1 <- factor( rep(c("A", "B"), each=10) )
DFlong$factor2 <- factor( rep(c(1, 2), each=5) )
# call aov
my.aov <- aov(value ~ factor1*factor2 + Error(participant / (factor1*factor2)), DFlong)
# similar for an lm() call
fit <- lm(value ~ factor1*factor2 + participant, DFlong)
# what's aov telling us?
summary(my.aov)
# check SS residuals
sum(residuals(fit)^2) # == 5945.668
# check they add up to the residuals from summary(my.aov)
2406.1 + 1744.1 + 1795.46 # == 5945.66
# all good so far, but how are the residuals in the aov calculated?
my.aov$"participant:factor1"$residuals
#clearly these are the ones used in the ANOVA:
sum(my.aov$"participant:factor1"$residuals ^ 2)
# this corresponds to the factor1 residuals here:
summary(my.aov)
# but they are different to the residuals reported from lm()
residuals(fit)
my.aov$"participant"$residuals
my.aov$"participant:factor1"$residuals
my.aov$"participant:factor1:factor2"$residuals
participant
, seperti dalamanova(lm(value ~ factor1*factor2*participant, DFlong))