Menghapus biner python, dan tidak dapat memulihkan menggunakan apt-get, apa yang bisa saya lakukan?


11

Baik. Ya. Ingin awal yang baru karena saya mengalami kebingungan ketergantungan, jadi saya menjalankan "whereis python" dan benar-benar menghapus semua file dan direktori yang muncul. Kemudian ketika saya pergi untuk menjalankan apt-get install python saya tentu saja mendapatkan banyak kesalahan. Apakah ada cara untuk menginstal ulang python di ubuntu tanpa hanya melakukan penghapusan bersih?

Ini adalah output dari mencoba menginstal python binary:

root@ubuntu14-server:/home/kpoole# apt-get install python
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
python is already the newest version.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libexpat1-dev libpython-dev libpython2.7-dev
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
15 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Setting up python-chardet (2.0.1-2build2) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-chardet.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-chardet.postinst: pycompile: not found
dpkg: error processing package python-chardet (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Setting up python-colorama (0.2.5-0.1ubuntu1) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-colorama.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-colorama.postinst: pycompile: not found
dpkg: error processing package python-colorama (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Setting up python-distlib (0.1.8-1) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-distlib.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-distlib.postinst: pycompile: not found
dpkg: error processing package python-distlib (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Setting up python-django (1.6.1-2ubuntu0.5) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-django.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-django.postinst: pycompile: not found
dpkg: error processing package python-django (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-django-tables2:
python-django-tables2 depends on python-django (>= 1.4.5); however:
Package python-django is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-django-tables2 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up python-six (1.5.2-1) ...
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-six.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-six.postinst: pycompile: not found
dpkg: error processing package python-six (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-html5lib:
python-html5lib depends on python-six; however:
Package python-six is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-html5lib (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              Setting up python-lxml (3.3.3-1ubuntu0.1) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-lxml.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-lxml.postinst: pycompile: not found
dpkg: error processing package python-lxml (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              Setting up python-minimal (2.7.5-5ubuntu3) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-minimal.postinst: 4: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-minimal.postinst: python2.7: not found
dpkg: error processing package python-minimal (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Setting up python-pkg-resources (3.3-1ubuntu1) ...
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-pkg-resources.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-pkg-resources.postinst: pycompile: not found
dpkg: error processing package python-pkg-resources (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-setuptools:
python-setuptools depends on python-pkg-resources (= 3.3-1ubuntu1); however:
Package python-pkg-resources is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-setuptools (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-urllib3:
python-urllib3 depends on python-six; however:
Package python-six is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-urllib3 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-requests:
python-requests depends on python-chardet; however:
Package python-chardet is not configured yet.
python-requests depends on python-urllib3 (>= 1.7.1); however:
Package python-urllib3 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-requests (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-pip:
python-pip depends on python-colorama; however:
Package python-colorama is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-distlib; however:
Package python-distlib is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-html5lib; however:
Package python-html5lib is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-pkg-resources; however:
Package python-pkg-resources is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-setuptools (>= 0.6c1); however:
Package python-setuptools is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-six; however:
Package python-six is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-requests; however:
Package python-requests is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-pip (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-virtualenv:
python-virtualenv depends on python-pkg-resources; however:
Package python-pkg-resources is not configured yet.
python-virtualenv depends on python-setuptools; however:
Package python-setuptools is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-virtualenv (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                              Errors were encountered while processing:
python-chardet
python-colorama
python-distlib
python-django
python-django-tables2
python-six
python-html5lib
python-lxml
python-minimal
python-pkg-resources
python-setuptools
python-urllib3
python-requests
python-pip
python-virtualenv
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Setelah melewati rute yang disarankan oleh ike:

root@ubuntu14-server:/home/kpoole# apt-get install --reinstall python
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
python : Depends: python2.7 (>= 2.7.5-1~) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
root@ubuntu14-server:/home/kpoole# apt-get install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libexpat1-dev libpython-dev libpython2.7-dev
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
python python2.7
Suggested packages:
python-doc python-tk python2.7-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
python python2.7
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
14 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/330 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1,042 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Selecting previously unselected package python2.7.
(Reading database ... 73738 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../python2.7_2.7.6-8_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python2.7 (2.7.6-8) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python.
Preparing to unpack .../python_2.7.5-5ubuntu3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python (2.7.5-5ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.54ubuntu1) ...
Setting up python-minimal (2.7.5-5ubuntu3) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-minimal.postinst: 4: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-minimal.postinst: python2.7: not found
dpkg: error processing package python-minimal (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Setting up python2.7 (2.7.6-8) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/python2.7.postinst: 9: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python2.7.postinst: python2.7: not found
dpkg: error processing package python2.7 (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python:
python depends on python2.7 (>= 2.7.5-1~); however:
Package python2.7 is not configured yet.
python depends on python-minimal (= 2.7.5-5ubuntu3); however:
Package python-minimal is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-chardet:
python-chardet depends on python (>= 2.7); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-chardet depends on python (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-chardet depends on python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2); however:
Package python is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-chardet (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-colorama:
python-colorama depends on python (>= 2.7); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-coNo apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
        No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                    lorama depends on python (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-colorama depends on python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2); however:
Package python is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-colorama (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-distlib:
python-distlib depends on python:any (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-distlib depends on python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~); however:
Package python is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-distlib (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-django:
python-django depends on python (>= 2.7); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-django depends on python (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-django depends on python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2); however:
Package pythNo apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
on is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-django (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-django-tables2:
python-django-tables2 depends on python (>= 2.7); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-django-tables2 depends on python (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-django-tables2 depends on python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-django-tables2 depends on python-django (>= 1.4.5); however:
Package python-django is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-django-tables2 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-six:
python-six depends on python (>= 2.7); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-six depends on python (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-six depends on python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2); however:
Package python is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-six (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-html5lib:
python-html5lib depends on python:any (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-html5lib depends on python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-html5lib depends on python-six; however:
Package python-six is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-html5lib (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-lxml:
python-lxml depends on python (>= 2.7); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-lxml depends on python (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-lxml depends on python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2); however:
Package python is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-lxml (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-pkg-resources:
python-pkg-resources depends on python:any (>= 2.7); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-pkg-resources depends on python:any (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-pkg-resources (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-setuptools:
python-setuptools depends on python:any (>= 2.7); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-setuptools depends on python:any (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-setuptools depends on python-pkg-resources (= 3.3-1ubuntu1); however:
Package python-pkg-resources is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-setuptools (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-urllib3:
python-urllib3 depends on python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-urllib3 depends on python:any (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-urllib3 depends on python-six; however:
Package python-six is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-urllib3 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-requests:
python-requests depends on python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-requests depends on python:any (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-requests depends on python-chardet; however:
Package python-chardet is not configured yet.
python-requests depends on python-urllib3 (>= 1.7.1); however:
Package python-urllib3 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-requests (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-pip:
python-pip depends on python (>= 2.7); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python (<< 2.8); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2); however:
Package python is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-colorama; however:
Package python-colorama is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-distlib; however:
Package python-distlib is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-html5lib; however:
Package python-html5lib is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-pkg-resources; however:
Package python-pkg-resources is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-setuptools (>= 0.6c1); however:
Package python-setuptools is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-six; however:
Package python-six is not configured yet.
python-pip depends on python-requests; however:
Package python-requests is not c
dpkg: error processing package python-pip (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
python-minimal
python2.7
python
python-chardet
python-colorama
python-distlib
python-django
python-django-tables2
python-six
python-html5lib
python-lxml
python-pkg-resources
python-setuptools
python-urllib3
python-requests
python-pip
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

python : Depends: python2.7 (>= 2.7.5-1~) but it is not going to be installed. Saya pikir konflik ketergantungan Anda sebelumnya masih mengganggu Anda. Bisakah Anda juga memberikan outputdpkg -l | grep python
cnvzmxcvmcx

Jawaban:


20

Di masa depan jangan lakukan ini. Jangan secara manual menghapus (atau mengacaukan) file yang diinstal melalui alat manajemen paket (kecuali mereka secara eksplisit diatur untuk ini seperti file konfigurasi, dll.).

Yang dikatakan jika Anda tidak dapat (dan sepertinya ini adalah kasusnya) untuk digunakan apt-getuntuk memulihkan dari situasi ini karena ada bagian dari proses yang mengharapkan python sudah diinstal maka Anda memiliki beberapa pilihan (tidak semuanya tentu akan bekerja).

Anda dapat mengambil file python (dan terkait) .debsecara manual dan mencoba menggunakannya dpkguntuk menginstalnya secara manual (Anda harus menyelesaikan urutan ketergantungan secara manual untuk memastikan ini berfungsi dengan benar). Sesuatu seperti:

apt-get download python2.7-minimal ## at least this package is necessary
sudo touch /usr/bin/python2.7 && sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/python2.7
sudo dpkg --unpack python2.7-minimal*

Anda harus memeriksa binari yang hilang lainnya, seperti pycompile, dan menerapkan solusi yang sama.

Setelah ini, disarankan untuk memeriksa basis data dpkg mencari paket yang tidak dikonfigurasi, setengah terkonfigurasi dan hanya dibongkar:

sudo dpkg --check

Baca pesan dan terapkan perbaikan, tetapi biasanya diminta sudo dpkg --configure -a. Sebuah sudo apt-get -f installdapat membantu tergantung situasinya.

Anda mungkin juga dapat menggunakan mode pemulihan media instalasi (atau instal ulang) untuk memperbaikinya.


4

Apakah ada cara untuk menginstal ulang python di ubuntu tanpa hanya melakukan penghapusan bersih?

Iya. Instal ulang tanpa memformat.

Ini juga akan menjadi metode tercepat untuk memperbaikinya karena Anda mungkin sudah memiliki DVD live.


3
Menginstal ulang ubuntu tampaknya sedikit berlebihan dalam kasus ini.
Seperti

2
Karena hampir semuanya tergantung pada python dan "apt" tidak akan lagi berfungsi (karena dependensi python) metode lain akan memakan waktu lebih lama. Menginstal ulang tanpa format memerlukan waktu 10, 15 menit pada mesin saat ini. @ike
Rinzwind

3
apt harus bekerja untuk paket lain, hanya saja tidak python. Tidak terlalu sulit untuk memperbaikinya dengan menginstal ulang setiap paket.
Seperti

1
Menghapus biner sistem bisa menjadi bencana besar, tetapi bukan akhir dari dunia. Anda dapat menghapus rmdan memulihkannya dengan mudah . Python hanya berjalan-jalan di taman.
Braiam

1

Buka terminal dan ketik perintah berikut:

Percobaan pertama

sudo apt-get -f install 

Jika itu tidak berhasil, coba

sudo dpkg --configure -a 

Jika Anda masih memiliki masalah, jalankan

sudo apt-get install --reinstall python python-chardet python-colorama python-distlib python-django python-django-tables2 python-six python-html5lib python-lxml python-minimal python-pkg-resources python-setuptools python-urllib3 python-requests python-pip python-virtualenv

Sebagai upaya terakhir, Anda mungkin perlu menghapus paket-paket ini dengan perintah berikut dan menginstal ulang paket-paket ini menggunakan perintah di atas. Jika ini masalahnya, Anda harus memperhatikan dengan sangat cermat. Akan ada daftar paket yang dihapus dengan perintah berikut. Anda perlu menyalin daftar ini dan menempelkannya ke gedit. Dengan gedit terbuka dan daftar paket yang disisipkan ke gedit, tekan ctrl+ hdan masukkan \ n diikuti oleh dua spasi di "Cari" dan satu spasi di "Ganti dengan" untuk menghapus semua paragraf dan ruang tambahan sebelum mengklik ganti semua sehingga Anda daftar berisi daftar paket yang hanya dipisahkan oleh spasi tunggal.

sudo apt-get purge python-chardet python-colorama python-distlib python-django python-django-tables2 python-six python-html5lib python-lxml python-minimal python-pkg-resources python-setuptools python-urllib3 python-requests python-pip python-virtualenv

Terakhir, jalankan: sudo apt-get installdan rekatkan dalam daftar paket dari gedit untuk menginstal ulang semuanya.


Saya hampir yakin bahwa semua paket python- * termasuk dalam paket meta python. OP tidak perlu membuat dan memelihara daftar paket untuk (tidak) / menginstal. apt-get install --reinstall pythonharus menutupinya.
amanthethy

@amanthethy "daftar" yang saya sebutkan adalah ratusan paket lain yang mungkin juga dihapus seperti kesatuan, semua cakupan, manajer akun dll ... Juga, saya dapat menyebutkan beberapa yang tidak termasuk seperti python pip misalnya .
mchid

1
Tidak, itu tidak akan menyakiti siapa pun - selain dari terowongan karpel aneh - tetapi itu tidak perlu. Juga, python-pip adalah manajer paket untuk program python. Ini aplikasi yang dibangun menggunakan python dan bukan fitur bahasa itu sendiri.
amanthethy

1
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktopakan mencakup semua tambahan yang Anda sebutkan. [unity, scopes, python, account manager, dll]
amanthethy

1
Jangan khawatir, Bung. Downvotes tidak berarti banyak bagi saya selama kami dapat membantu OP :)
amanthethy

0

Anda harus menghapus setiap paket yang membuat Anda kesulitan, lalu pasang kembali.

Lihat /ubuntu//a/32899/176376 untuk menghapus tanpa menghapus ketergantungan.

sudo dpkg -r --force-depends "package"

sudo apt-get install "package"

Anda harus menghapus semua masalah terlebih dahulu, dan kemudian menginstalnya lagi.

Jalankan sudo apt-get install -fdan sudo dpkg --configure -asetiap beberapa perintah.


0

Saya melihat Anda memiliki kesalahan seperti ini:

python2.7: not found

Ini berarti eksekusi python 2.7 tidak dapat ditemukan. Saya telah menggunakan perintah ini untuk menemukan paket yang berisi itu (yang mungkin tidak akan bekerja pada sistem Anda yang rusak, namun)

$ which python2.7
/usr/bin/python2.7
$ dpkg -S /usr/bin/python2.7
python2.7-minimal: /usr/bin/python2.7

Anda perlu menginstalnya kembali, tetapi pertama-tama Anda harus melewati ketergantungannya. Gunakan perintah ini untuk mencantumkannya:

$ apt-cache depends python2.7-minimal
python2.7-minimal
  Depends: libpython2.7-minimal
  Depends: zlib1g
  PreDepends: libc6
  Suggests: binfmt-support
    binfmt-support:i386
  Recommends: python2.7
  Conflicts: binfmt-support
  Conflicts: binfmt-support:i386
  Replaces: python2.7
  Replaces: python2.7:i386
  Conflicts: python2.7-minimal:i386

libpython2.7-minimal mungkin rusak. Jadi saya sarankan Anda untuk masalah pertama:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libpython2.7-minimal

kemudian:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall python2.7-minimal

dan semoga saja

sudo apt-get -f install

akan sukses.


-1

Itu perilaku yang diharapkan. Menghapus file tidak sama dengan menghapus instalasi paket atau program.

Anda telah menghapus semua hal terkait python dari instal Anda, tetapi manajer paket Anda tidak mengetahui hal ini. Ketika Anda pergi untuk menginstal Python lagi, apt berharap semua file-file itu tetap ada dan tidak repot-repot mencoba mengunduhnya kembali. Sejauh yang berkaitan dengan apt, semua python masih diinstal; Anda tidak pernah mengatakan sebaliknya.

Anda dapat mencoba yang berikut untuk mencoba memperbaikinya:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall python

Di masa depan, hapus instalasi paket menggunakan apt-get removeatau apt-get purgeatau secara grafis dari Pusat Perangkat Lunak Ubuntu.


3
Sebuah pembersihan python menghapus instal banyak dependensi, di mana instal ulang tidak akan menginstal ulang semua itu.
oldfred

1
Anda benar sampai paragraf kedua. Metode Anda "memperbaiki" masalah hanya bisa menghapus sebagian besar paket sistem OP.
Braiam

@Braiam Kamu benar. Saya menerima begitu saja bahwa paket apt-get remove dapat menghapus paket yang paket instal get-get belum tentu mengembalikan. Saya telah mengedit, tetapi merasa bebas untuk memperbaikinya jika saya masih libur.
amanthethy
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