Mengapa saya tidak bisa push_back a unique_ptr ke vektor?

Apa yang salah dengan program ini?

#include <memory>
#include <vector>

int main()
{
    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<int>> vec;

    int x(1);
    std::unique_ptr<int> ptr2x(&x);
    vec.push_back(ptr2x); //This tiny command has a vicious error.

    return 0;
}

Kesalahan:

In file included from c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/mingw32/bits/c++allocator.h:34:0,
                 from c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/bits/allocator.h:48,
                 from c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/memory:64,
                 from main.cpp:6:
c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/bits/unique_ptr.h: In member function 'void __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<_Tp>::construct(_Tp*, const _Tp&) [with _Tp = std::unique_ptr<int>, _Tp* = std::unique_ptr<int>*]':
c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/bits/stl_vector.h:745:6:   instantiated from 'void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const value_type&) [with _Tp = std::unique_ptr<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<int> >, value_type = std::unique_ptr<int>]'
main.cpp:16:21:   instantiated from here
c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/bits/unique_ptr.h:207:7: error: deleted function 'std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Tp_Deleter>::unique_ptr(const std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Tp_Deleter>&) [with _Tp = int, _Tp_Deleter = std::default_delete<int>, std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Tp_Deleter> = std::unique_ptr<int>]'
c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/ext/new_allocator.h:105:9: error: used here
In file included from c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/vector:69:0,
                 from main.cpp:7:
c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/bits/unique_ptr.h: In member function 'void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::_M_insert_aux(std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::iterator, _Args&& ...) [with _Args = {const std::unique_ptr<int>&}, _Tp = std::unique_ptr<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<int> >, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<std::unique_ptr<int>*, std::vector<std::unique_ptr<int> > >, typename std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Base::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer = std::unique_ptr<int>*]':
c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/bits/stl_vector.h:749:4:   instantiated from 'void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const value_type&) [with _Tp = std::unique_ptr<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<int> >, value_type = std::unique_ptr<int>]'
main.cpp:16:21:   instantiated from here
c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/bits/unique_ptr.h:207:7: error: deleted function 'std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Tp_Deleter>::unique_ptr(const std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Tp_Deleter>&) [with _Tp = int, _Tp_Deleter = std::default_delete<int>, std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Tp_Deleter> = std::unique_ptr<int>]'
c:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.0/include/c++/bits/vector.tcc:314:4: error: used here

Anda harus memindahkan unique_ptr:

vec.push_back(std::move(ptr2x));

unique_ptrmenjamin bahwa satu unique_ptrwadah memiliki kepemilikan penunjuk yang ditahan. Ini berarti bahwa Anda tidak dapat membuat salinan dari unique_ptr(karena dua orang unique_ptrakan memiliki kepemilikan), jadi Anda hanya dapat memindahkannya.

Perhatikan, bagaimanapun, bahwa penggunaan Anda saat unique_ptrini tidak benar. Anda tidak dapat menggunakannya untuk mengelola pointer ke variabel lokal. Masa hidup variabel lokal dikelola secara otomatis: variabel lokal dihancurkan ketika blok berakhir (misalnya, ketika fungsi kembali, dalam kasus ini). Anda perlu mengalokasikan objek secara dinamis:

std::unique_ptr<int> ptr(new int(1));

std :: unique_ptr tidak memiliki copy constructor. Anda membuat sebuah instance dan kemudian meminta std :: vector untuk menyalin instance itu selama inisialisasi.

error: deleted function 'std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Tp_Deleter>::uniqu
e_ptr(const std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Tp_Deleter>&) [with _Tp = int, _Tp_D
eleter = std::default_delete<int>, std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Tp_Deleter> =
 std::unique_ptr<int>]'

Kelas memenuhi persyaratan MoveConstructible dan MoveAssignable, tetapi bukan persyaratan CopyConstructible atau CopyAssignable.

Berikut ini berfungsi dengan emplace panggilan baru.

std::vector< std::unique_ptr< int > > vec;
vec.emplace_back( new int( 1984 ) );

Lihat menggunakan unique_ptr dengan wadah perpustakaan standar untuk bacaan lebih lanjut.